Oxidative Stress during HIV Infection: Mechanisms and Consequences
It is generally acknowledged that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play crucial roles in a variety of natural processes in cells. If increased to levels which cannot be neutralized by the defense mechanisms, they damage biological molecules, alter their functions, and also act as signaling molecules th...
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Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8910396 |
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doaj-9208a5977106464089fcca5f7c3d75f42020-11-24T20:57:48ZengHindawi LimitedOxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity1942-09001942-09942016-01-01201610.1155/2016/89103968910396Oxidative Stress during HIV Infection: Mechanisms and ConsequencesAlexander V. Ivanov0Vladimir T. Valuev-Elliston1Olga N. Ivanova2Sergey N. Kochetkov3Elizaveta S. Starodubova4Birke Bartosch5Maria G. Isaguliants6Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow 119991, RussiaEngelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow 119991, RussiaEngelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow 119991, RussiaEngelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow 119991, RussiaEngelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Str. 32, Moscow 119991, RussiaCancer Research Center Lyon, INSERM U1052 and CNRS 5286, Lyon University, 69003 Lyon, FranceRiga Stradins University, Riga LV-1007, LatviaIt is generally acknowledged that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play crucial roles in a variety of natural processes in cells. If increased to levels which cannot be neutralized by the defense mechanisms, they damage biological molecules, alter their functions, and also act as signaling molecules thus generating a spectrum of pathologies. In this review, we summarize current data on oxidative stress markers associated with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection, analyze mechanisms by which this virus triggers massive ROS production, and describe the status of various defense mechanisms of the infected host cell. In addition, we have scrutinized scarce data on the effect of ROS on HIV-1 replication. Finally, we present current state of knowledge on the redox alterations as crucial factors of HIV-1 pathogenicity, such as neurotoxicity and dementia, exhaustion of CD4+/CD8+ T-cells, predisposition to lung infections, and certain side effects of the antiretroviral therapy, and compare them to the pathologies associated with the nitrosative stress.http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8910396 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Alexander V. Ivanov Vladimir T. Valuev-Elliston Olga N. Ivanova Sergey N. Kochetkov Elizaveta S. Starodubova Birke Bartosch Maria G. Isaguliants |
spellingShingle |
Alexander V. Ivanov Vladimir T. Valuev-Elliston Olga N. Ivanova Sergey N. Kochetkov Elizaveta S. Starodubova Birke Bartosch Maria G. Isaguliants Oxidative Stress during HIV Infection: Mechanisms and Consequences Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity |
author_facet |
Alexander V. Ivanov Vladimir T. Valuev-Elliston Olga N. Ivanova Sergey N. Kochetkov Elizaveta S. Starodubova Birke Bartosch Maria G. Isaguliants |
author_sort |
Alexander V. Ivanov |
title |
Oxidative Stress during HIV Infection: Mechanisms and Consequences |
title_short |
Oxidative Stress during HIV Infection: Mechanisms and Consequences |
title_full |
Oxidative Stress during HIV Infection: Mechanisms and Consequences |
title_fullStr |
Oxidative Stress during HIV Infection: Mechanisms and Consequences |
title_full_unstemmed |
Oxidative Stress during HIV Infection: Mechanisms and Consequences |
title_sort |
oxidative stress during hiv infection: mechanisms and consequences |
publisher |
Hindawi Limited |
series |
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity |
issn |
1942-0900 1942-0994 |
publishDate |
2016-01-01 |
description |
It is generally acknowledged that reactive oxygen species (ROS) play crucial roles in a variety of natural processes in cells. If increased to levels which cannot be neutralized by the defense mechanisms, they damage biological molecules, alter their functions, and also act as signaling molecules thus generating a spectrum of pathologies. In this review, we summarize current data on oxidative stress markers associated with human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) infection, analyze mechanisms by which this virus triggers massive ROS production, and describe the status of various defense mechanisms of the infected host cell. In addition, we have scrutinized scarce data on the effect of ROS on HIV-1 replication. Finally, we present current state of knowledge on the redox alterations as crucial factors of HIV-1 pathogenicity, such as neurotoxicity and dementia, exhaustion of CD4+/CD8+ T-cells, predisposition to lung infections, and certain side effects of the antiretroviral therapy, and compare them to the pathologies associated with the nitrosative stress. |
url |
http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/8910396 |
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