Carbon fluxes from a temperate rainforest site in southern South America reveal a very sensitive sink
Abstract Ecosystems where carbon fluxes are being monitored on a global scale are strongly biased toward temperate Northern Hemisphere latitudes. However, forest and moorland ecosystems in the Southern Hemisphere may contribute significantly to the global and regional C balance and are affected by d...
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doaj-9258c9f68410433faec011015a9aa2532020-11-25T01:18:32ZengWileyEcosphere2150-89252018-04-0194n/an/a10.1002/ecs2.2193Carbon fluxes from a temperate rainforest site in southern South America reveal a very sensitive sinkJorge F. Perez‐Quezada0Juan L. Celis‐Diez1Carla E. Brito2Aurora Gaxiola3Mariela Nuñez‐Avila4Francisco I. Pugnaire5Juan J. Armesto6Departmento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales Renovables Universidad de Chile Casilla 1004 Santiago ChileEscuela de Agronomía Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso Casilla 4‐D 2260000 Quillota ChileDepartmento de Ciencias Ambientales y Recursos Naturales Renovables Universidad de Chile Casilla 1004 Santiago ChileInstituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad Alameda 340 Santiago ChileInstituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad Alameda 340 Santiago ChileLINCGlobal Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Ctra. de Sacramento s/n, 04120 La Cañada Almeria SpainInstituto de Ecología y Biodiversidad Alameda 340 Santiago ChileAbstract Ecosystems where carbon fluxes are being monitored on a global scale are strongly biased toward temperate Northern Hemisphere latitudes. However, forest and moorland ecosystems in the Southern Hemisphere may contribute significantly to the global and regional C balance and are affected by different climate systems. Here, we present the first data from an old‐growth forest representative of temperate, broad‐leaved rainforests from southern South America. Carbon fluxes monitored over two years using the eddy covariance technique showed that this rainforest acts as an annual sink (−238 ± 31 g C/m2). However, there were significant pulses of carbon emission associated with dry episodes during the summer months (i.e., peak of the growing season) and periods of significant carbon fixation during the cold austral winter, indicating that the carbon balance in this forest is very sensitive to climate fluctuations. The carbon fixation surges in winter seem to be related to the mild temperatures recorded during this period of the year under the prevailing oceanic climate. Winter carbon gain was more relevant in determining the annual carbon balance than summer pulse emissions. Regarding the annual carbon balance, this southern forest resembles the patterns observed in montane tropical forests more than the behavior of narrow‐leaved evergreen temperate forests from the Northern Hemisphere. These patterns make this southern forest type relevant to understanding the mechanisms and thresholds that control ecosystem shifts from carbon sinks and sources and will provide key data to improve global dynamic vegetation models.https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2193AMERIFLUXChileChiloé Islandeddy fluxevergreenFLUXNET |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jorge F. Perez‐Quezada Juan L. Celis‐Diez Carla E. Brito Aurora Gaxiola Mariela Nuñez‐Avila Francisco I. Pugnaire Juan J. Armesto |
spellingShingle |
Jorge F. Perez‐Quezada Juan L. Celis‐Diez Carla E. Brito Aurora Gaxiola Mariela Nuñez‐Avila Francisco I. Pugnaire Juan J. Armesto Carbon fluxes from a temperate rainforest site in southern South America reveal a very sensitive sink Ecosphere AMERIFLUX Chile Chiloé Island eddy flux evergreen FLUXNET |
author_facet |
Jorge F. Perez‐Quezada Juan L. Celis‐Diez Carla E. Brito Aurora Gaxiola Mariela Nuñez‐Avila Francisco I. Pugnaire Juan J. Armesto |
author_sort |
Jorge F. Perez‐Quezada |
title |
Carbon fluxes from a temperate rainforest site in southern South America reveal a very sensitive sink |
title_short |
Carbon fluxes from a temperate rainforest site in southern South America reveal a very sensitive sink |
title_full |
Carbon fluxes from a temperate rainforest site in southern South America reveal a very sensitive sink |
title_fullStr |
Carbon fluxes from a temperate rainforest site in southern South America reveal a very sensitive sink |
title_full_unstemmed |
Carbon fluxes from a temperate rainforest site in southern South America reveal a very sensitive sink |
title_sort |
carbon fluxes from a temperate rainforest site in southern south america reveal a very sensitive sink |
publisher |
Wiley |
series |
Ecosphere |
issn |
2150-8925 |
publishDate |
2018-04-01 |
description |
Abstract Ecosystems where carbon fluxes are being monitored on a global scale are strongly biased toward temperate Northern Hemisphere latitudes. However, forest and moorland ecosystems in the Southern Hemisphere may contribute significantly to the global and regional C balance and are affected by different climate systems. Here, we present the first data from an old‐growth forest representative of temperate, broad‐leaved rainforests from southern South America. Carbon fluxes monitored over two years using the eddy covariance technique showed that this rainforest acts as an annual sink (−238 ± 31 g C/m2). However, there were significant pulses of carbon emission associated with dry episodes during the summer months (i.e., peak of the growing season) and periods of significant carbon fixation during the cold austral winter, indicating that the carbon balance in this forest is very sensitive to climate fluctuations. The carbon fixation surges in winter seem to be related to the mild temperatures recorded during this period of the year under the prevailing oceanic climate. Winter carbon gain was more relevant in determining the annual carbon balance than summer pulse emissions. Regarding the annual carbon balance, this southern forest resembles the patterns observed in montane tropical forests more than the behavior of narrow‐leaved evergreen temperate forests from the Northern Hemisphere. These patterns make this southern forest type relevant to understanding the mechanisms and thresholds that control ecosystem shifts from carbon sinks and sources and will provide key data to improve global dynamic vegetation models. |
topic |
AMERIFLUX Chile Chiloé Island eddy flux evergreen FLUXNET |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ecs2.2193 |
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