Surface Characterization of Fracture in Polylactic Acid vs. PLA + Particle (Cu, Al, Graphene) Insertions by 3D Fused Deposition Modeling Technology
Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most extensively used biodegradable aliphatic polyester produced from renewable resources, such as corn starch. Due to its qualities, PLA is a leading biomaterial for numerous applications in medicine as well as in industry, replacing conventional petrochemical–ba...
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doaj-92ba7ba202a74023a6975f47b26cdfc62021-06-01T01:03:54ZengMDPI AGCoatings2079-64122021-05-011163363310.3390/coatings11060633Surface Characterization of Fracture in Polylactic Acid vs. PLA + Particle (Cu, Al, Graphene) Insertions by 3D Fused Deposition Modeling TechnologyBrândușa Ghiban0Nicoleta Elisabeta Pascu1Iulian Vasile Antoniac2Gabriel Jiga3Claudia Milea4Gabriela Petre5Cristina Gheorghe6Corneliu Munteanu7Bogdan Istrate8Department of Metallic Materials Science, Physical Metallurgy, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independenței, J Building, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Metallic Materials Science, Physical Metallurgy, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independenței, J Building, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Metallic Materials Science, Physical Metallurgy, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independenței, J Building, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Metallic Materials Science, Physical Metallurgy, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independenței, J Building, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Metallic Materials Science, Physical Metallurgy, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independenței, J Building, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Metallic Materials Science, Physical Metallurgy, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independenței, J Building, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, RomaniaDepartment of Metallic Materials Science, Physical Metallurgy, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 313 Splaiul Independenței, J Building, District 6, 060042 Bucharest, RomaniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, Bulevardul Profesor Dimitrie Mangeron 67, 700050 Iași, RomaniaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Gheorghe Asachi Technical University, Bulevardul Profesor Dimitrie Mangeron 67, 700050 Iași, RomaniaPolylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most extensively used biodegradable aliphatic polyester produced from renewable resources, such as corn starch. Due to its qualities, PLA is a leading biomaterial for numerous applications in medicine as well as in industry, replacing conventional petrochemical–based polymers. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the fracture behavior of pure PLA specimens in comparison with PLA particle insertions, (copper, aluminum and Graphene), after evaluation the mechanical properties, as well as the influence of filament angle deposition on these properties. In order to check if the filling density of the specimen influences the ultimate tensile stress (UTS), three different filling percentages (60%, 80%, and 100%) have been chosen in the experimental tests. A hierarchy concerning elongation / fiber heights after tensile testing was done. So, the highest elongation values were for simple PLA (about 4.1%), followed by PLA + Al insertion (3.2%–4%), PLA + graphene insertion (2.6%–4%) and the lowest values being for PLA with copper insertion (1.8%–2.7%). Regarding the fiber heights after fracture, the hierarchy was: the highest values was for PLA, then PLA + Al, PLA + grapheme and PLA + Cu. Finally, a correlation between fracture surfaces appearance and mechanical properties were established, being formulated the mechanism of fracture in according with filament angle deposition. Also, it was proposed a new method of evaluation of the fractured surface by measuring the dimensions of the filaments after printing Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) and tensile testing.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/11/6/633fractographyPLAparticlesstereomicroscopyFDM technology |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Brândușa Ghiban Nicoleta Elisabeta Pascu Iulian Vasile Antoniac Gabriel Jiga Claudia Milea Gabriela Petre Cristina Gheorghe Corneliu Munteanu Bogdan Istrate |
spellingShingle |
Brândușa Ghiban Nicoleta Elisabeta Pascu Iulian Vasile Antoniac Gabriel Jiga Claudia Milea Gabriela Petre Cristina Gheorghe Corneliu Munteanu Bogdan Istrate Surface Characterization of Fracture in Polylactic Acid vs. PLA + Particle (Cu, Al, Graphene) Insertions by 3D Fused Deposition Modeling Technology Coatings fractography PLA particles stereomicroscopy FDM technology |
author_facet |
Brândușa Ghiban Nicoleta Elisabeta Pascu Iulian Vasile Antoniac Gabriel Jiga Claudia Milea Gabriela Petre Cristina Gheorghe Corneliu Munteanu Bogdan Istrate |
author_sort |
Brândușa Ghiban |
title |
Surface Characterization of Fracture in Polylactic Acid vs. PLA + Particle (Cu, Al, Graphene) Insertions by 3D Fused Deposition Modeling Technology |
title_short |
Surface Characterization of Fracture in Polylactic Acid vs. PLA + Particle (Cu, Al, Graphene) Insertions by 3D Fused Deposition Modeling Technology |
title_full |
Surface Characterization of Fracture in Polylactic Acid vs. PLA + Particle (Cu, Al, Graphene) Insertions by 3D Fused Deposition Modeling Technology |
title_fullStr |
Surface Characterization of Fracture in Polylactic Acid vs. PLA + Particle (Cu, Al, Graphene) Insertions by 3D Fused Deposition Modeling Technology |
title_full_unstemmed |
Surface Characterization of Fracture in Polylactic Acid vs. PLA + Particle (Cu, Al, Graphene) Insertions by 3D Fused Deposition Modeling Technology |
title_sort |
surface characterization of fracture in polylactic acid vs. pla + particle (cu, al, graphene) insertions by 3d fused deposition modeling technology |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Coatings |
issn |
2079-6412 |
publishDate |
2021-05-01 |
description |
Polylactic acid (PLA) is one of the most extensively used biodegradable aliphatic polyester produced from renewable resources, such as corn starch. Due to its qualities, PLA is a leading biomaterial for numerous applications in medicine as well as in industry, replacing conventional petrochemical–based polymers. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the fracture behavior of pure PLA specimens in comparison with PLA particle insertions, (copper, aluminum and Graphene), after evaluation the mechanical properties, as well as the influence of filament angle deposition on these properties. In order to check if the filling density of the specimen influences the ultimate tensile stress (UTS), three different filling percentages (60%, 80%, and 100%) have been chosen in the experimental tests. A hierarchy concerning elongation / fiber heights after tensile testing was done. So, the highest elongation values were for simple PLA (about 4.1%), followed by PLA + Al insertion (3.2%–4%), PLA + graphene insertion (2.6%–4%) and the lowest values being for PLA with copper insertion (1.8%–2.7%). Regarding the fiber heights after fracture, the hierarchy was: the highest values was for PLA, then PLA + Al, PLA + grapheme and PLA + Cu. Finally, a correlation between fracture surfaces appearance and mechanical properties were established, being formulated the mechanism of fracture in according with filament angle deposition. Also, it was proposed a new method of evaluation of the fractured surface by measuring the dimensions of the filaments after printing Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM) and tensile testing. |
topic |
fractography PLA particles stereomicroscopy FDM technology |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/11/6/633 |
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