Color and cellular selectivity of retinal ganglion cell subtypes through frequency modulation of electrical stimulation
Abstract Epiretinal prostheses aim at electrically stimulating the inner most surviving retinal cells—retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)—to restore partial sight to the blind. Recent tests in patients with epiretinal implants have revealed that electrical stimulation of the retina results in the percept...
Main Authors: | , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Nature Publishing Group
2021-03-01
|
Series: | Scientific Reports |
Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84437-w |
id |
doaj-9383a0e9801c473bb43ccc203f27f1dc |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-9383a0e9801c473bb43ccc203f27f1dc2021-03-11T12:22:07ZengNature Publishing GroupScientific Reports2045-23222021-03-0111111310.1038/s41598-021-84437-wColor and cellular selectivity of retinal ganglion cell subtypes through frequency modulation of electrical stimulationJavad Paknahad0Kyle Loizos1Lan Yue2Mark S. Humayun3Gianluca Lazzi4Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern CaliforniaThe Institute for Technology and Medical Systems (ITEMS), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern CaliforniaRoski Eye Institute, University of Southern CaliforniaRoski Eye Institute, University of Southern CaliforniaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, University of Southern CaliforniaAbstract Epiretinal prostheses aim at electrically stimulating the inner most surviving retinal cells—retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)—to restore partial sight to the blind. Recent tests in patients with epiretinal implants have revealed that electrical stimulation of the retina results in the percept of color of the elicited phosphenes, which depends on the frequency of stimulation. This paper presents computational results that are predictive of this finding and further support our understanding of the mechanisms of color encoding in electrical stimulation of retina, which could prove pivotal for the design of advanced retinal prosthetics that elicit both percept and color. This provides, for the first time, a directly applicable “amplitude-frequency” stimulation strategy to “encode color” in future retinal prosthetics through a predictive computational tool to selectively target small bistratified cells, which have been shown to contribute to “blue-yellow” color opponency in the retinal circuitry. The presented results are validated with experimental data reported in the literature and correlated with findings in blind patients with a retinal prosthetic implant collected by our group.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84437-w |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Javad Paknahad Kyle Loizos Lan Yue Mark S. Humayun Gianluca Lazzi |
spellingShingle |
Javad Paknahad Kyle Loizos Lan Yue Mark S. Humayun Gianluca Lazzi Color and cellular selectivity of retinal ganglion cell subtypes through frequency modulation of electrical stimulation Scientific Reports |
author_facet |
Javad Paknahad Kyle Loizos Lan Yue Mark S. Humayun Gianluca Lazzi |
author_sort |
Javad Paknahad |
title |
Color and cellular selectivity of retinal ganglion cell subtypes through frequency modulation of electrical stimulation |
title_short |
Color and cellular selectivity of retinal ganglion cell subtypes through frequency modulation of electrical stimulation |
title_full |
Color and cellular selectivity of retinal ganglion cell subtypes through frequency modulation of electrical stimulation |
title_fullStr |
Color and cellular selectivity of retinal ganglion cell subtypes through frequency modulation of electrical stimulation |
title_full_unstemmed |
Color and cellular selectivity of retinal ganglion cell subtypes through frequency modulation of electrical stimulation |
title_sort |
color and cellular selectivity of retinal ganglion cell subtypes through frequency modulation of electrical stimulation |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group |
series |
Scientific Reports |
issn |
2045-2322 |
publishDate |
2021-03-01 |
description |
Abstract Epiretinal prostheses aim at electrically stimulating the inner most surviving retinal cells—retinal ganglion cells (RGCs)—to restore partial sight to the blind. Recent tests in patients with epiretinal implants have revealed that electrical stimulation of the retina results in the percept of color of the elicited phosphenes, which depends on the frequency of stimulation. This paper presents computational results that are predictive of this finding and further support our understanding of the mechanisms of color encoding in electrical stimulation of retina, which could prove pivotal for the design of advanced retinal prosthetics that elicit both percept and color. This provides, for the first time, a directly applicable “amplitude-frequency” stimulation strategy to “encode color” in future retinal prosthetics through a predictive computational tool to selectively target small bistratified cells, which have been shown to contribute to “blue-yellow” color opponency in the retinal circuitry. The presented results are validated with experimental data reported in the literature and correlated with findings in blind patients with a retinal prosthetic implant collected by our group. |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-84437-w |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT javadpaknahad colorandcellularselectivityofretinalganglioncellsubtypesthroughfrequencymodulationofelectricalstimulation AT kyleloizos colorandcellularselectivityofretinalganglioncellsubtypesthroughfrequencymodulationofelectricalstimulation AT lanyue colorandcellularselectivityofretinalganglioncellsubtypesthroughfrequencymodulationofelectricalstimulation AT markshumayun colorandcellularselectivityofretinalganglioncellsubtypesthroughfrequencymodulationofelectricalstimulation AT gianlucalazzi colorandcellularselectivityofretinalganglioncellsubtypesthroughfrequencymodulationofelectricalstimulation |
_version_ |
1724224379671281664 |