Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Battery Swapping Considering Energy Consumption and Carbon Emissions
In this paper, we study an electric vehicle routing problem while considering the constraints on battery life and battery swapping stations. We first introduce a comprehensive model consisting of speed, load and distance to measure the energy consumption and carbon emissions of electric vehicles. Se...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-12-01
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| Series: | Sustainability |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/12/24/10537 |