Postmortem Ocular Findings in the Optical Coherence Tomography Era: A Proof of Concept Study Based on Six Forensic Cases

• Main Authors: Matteo Nioi, Pietro Emanuele Napoli, Roberto Demontis, Emanuela Locci, Maurizio Fossarello, Ernesto d’Aloja
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-02-01
• Series: Diagnostics
• Subjects: postmortem ocular changes; postmortem optical coherence tomography; forensic pathology; thanato-chrono-diagnosis; cornea; tache noir
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4418/11/3/413

Postmortem analysis of the ocular globe is an important topic for forensic pathology and transplantology. Although crucial elements may be gathered from examining cadaveric eyes, the latter do not routinely undergo in-depth analysis. The paucity of quantitative and objective data that are obtainable using current, invasive necroscopic techniques is the main reason for the limited interest in this highly specialized procedure. The aim of the current study is to describe and to object for the first time the postmortem ocular changes by mean of portable optical coherence tomography for evaluating ocular tissues postmortem. The design involved the postmortem analysis (in situ, and without enucleation) of 12 eyes by portable spectral-domain Optical Coherence Tomography. The scans were performed, in corneal, retinal and angle modality at different intervals: <6 h, 6th, 12th, and 24th hour and after autopsy (25th–72nd hour). The morphological changes in the cornea, sclera, vitreous humor and aqueous humor were easy to explore and objectify in these tissues in first 72 h postmortem. On the other hand, the “in situ” observation of the retina was difficult due to the opacification of the lenses in the first 24 h after death.