Pathways involved in pony body size development
Abstract Background The mechanism of body growth in mammals is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the regulatory networks involved in body growth through transcriptomic analysis of pituitary and epiphyseal tissues of smaller sized Debao ponies and Mongolian horses at the juvenile and adult sta...
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doaj-95018a27d540482a9180d6085ba2e6f42021-01-24T12:20:41ZengBMCBMC Genomics1471-21642021-01-0122111510.1186/s12864-020-07323-1Pathways involved in pony body size developmentJun Fang0Dong Zhang1Jun Wei Cao2Li Zhang3Chun Xia Liu4Yan Ping Xing5Feng Wang6Hong Yang Xu7Shi Chao Wang8Yu Ling9Wei Wang10Yan Ru Zhang11Huan Min Zhou12College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityCollege of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityAbstract Background The mechanism of body growth in mammals is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the regulatory networks involved in body growth through transcriptomic analysis of pituitary and epiphyseal tissues of smaller sized Debao ponies and Mongolian horses at the juvenile and adult stages. Results We found that growth hormone receptor (GHR) was expressed at low levels in long bones, although growth hormone (GH) was highly expressed in Debao ponies compared with Mongolian horses. Moreover, significant downregulated of the GHR pathway components m-RAS and ATF3 was found in juvenile ponies, which slowed the proliferation of bone osteocytes. However, WNT2 and PLCβ2 were obviously upregulated in juvenile Debao ponies, which led to premature mineralization of the bone extracellular matrix. Furthermore, we found that the WNT/Ca 2+ pathway may be responsible for regulating body growth. GHR was demonstrated by q-PCR and Western blot analyses to be expressed at low levels in long bones of Debao ponies. Treatment with WNT antagonistI decreased the expression of WNT pathway components (P < 0.05) in vitro. Transduction of ATDC5 cells with a GHR-RNAi lentiviral vector decreased the expression of the GHR pathway components (P < 0.05). Additionally, the expression of the IGF-1 gene in the liver was lower in Debao ponies than in Mongolian horses at the juvenile and adult stages. Detection of plasma hormone concentrations showed that Debao ponies expressed higher levels of IGF-1 as juveniles and higher levels of GH as adults than Mongolian horses, indicating that the hormone regulation in Debao ponies differs from that in Mongolian horses. Conclusion Our work provides insights into the genetic regulation of short stature growth in mammals and can provide useful information for the development of therapeutic strategies for small size.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-07323-1Growth hormone receptorDebao ponyRNA-seqShort stature |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jun Fang Dong Zhang Jun Wei Cao Li Zhang Chun Xia Liu Yan Ping Xing Feng Wang Hong Yang Xu Shi Chao Wang Yu Ling Wei Wang Yan Ru Zhang Huan Min Zhou |
spellingShingle |
Jun Fang Dong Zhang Jun Wei Cao Li Zhang Chun Xia Liu Yan Ping Xing Feng Wang Hong Yang Xu Shi Chao Wang Yu Ling Wei Wang Yan Ru Zhang Huan Min Zhou Pathways involved in pony body size development BMC Genomics Growth hormone receptor Debao pony RNA-seq Short stature |
author_facet |
Jun Fang Dong Zhang Jun Wei Cao Li Zhang Chun Xia Liu Yan Ping Xing Feng Wang Hong Yang Xu Shi Chao Wang Yu Ling Wei Wang Yan Ru Zhang Huan Min Zhou |
author_sort |
Jun Fang |
title |
Pathways involved in pony body size development |
title_short |
Pathways involved in pony body size development |
title_full |
Pathways involved in pony body size development |
title_fullStr |
Pathways involved in pony body size development |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pathways involved in pony body size development |
title_sort |
pathways involved in pony body size development |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Genomics |
issn |
1471-2164 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Abstract Background The mechanism of body growth in mammals is poorly understood. Here, we investigated the regulatory networks involved in body growth through transcriptomic analysis of pituitary and epiphyseal tissues of smaller sized Debao ponies and Mongolian horses at the juvenile and adult stages. Results We found that growth hormone receptor (GHR) was expressed at low levels in long bones, although growth hormone (GH) was highly expressed in Debao ponies compared with Mongolian horses. Moreover, significant downregulated of the GHR pathway components m-RAS and ATF3 was found in juvenile ponies, which slowed the proliferation of bone osteocytes. However, WNT2 and PLCβ2 were obviously upregulated in juvenile Debao ponies, which led to premature mineralization of the bone extracellular matrix. Furthermore, we found that the WNT/Ca 2+ pathway may be responsible for regulating body growth. GHR was demonstrated by q-PCR and Western blot analyses to be expressed at low levels in long bones of Debao ponies. Treatment with WNT antagonistI decreased the expression of WNT pathway components (P < 0.05) in vitro. Transduction of ATDC5 cells with a GHR-RNAi lentiviral vector decreased the expression of the GHR pathway components (P < 0.05). Additionally, the expression of the IGF-1 gene in the liver was lower in Debao ponies than in Mongolian horses at the juvenile and adult stages. Detection of plasma hormone concentrations showed that Debao ponies expressed higher levels of IGF-1 as juveniles and higher levels of GH as adults than Mongolian horses, indicating that the hormone regulation in Debao ponies differs from that in Mongolian horses. Conclusion Our work provides insights into the genetic regulation of short stature growth in mammals and can provide useful information for the development of therapeutic strategies for small size. |
topic |
Growth hormone receptor Debao pony RNA-seq Short stature |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-020-07323-1 |
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