Mechanistic Insights into Indigo Reduction in Indigo Fermentation: A Voltammetric Study
Indigo is one of the oldest natural blue dyes. Microorganisms and their enzymatic activities are deeply involved in the traditional indigo staining procedure. To elucidate the mechanism of the microbial indigo reduction, we directly performed cyclic voltammetry on alkaline fermenting dye suspensions...
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The Electrochemical Society of Japan
2021-01-01
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doaj-9556f6de3bac47c181b8257c8e0779742021-09-02T04:50:20ZengThe Electrochemical Society of JapanElectrochemistry2186-24512021-01-01891253010.5796/electrochemistry.20-00123electrochemistryMechanistic Insights into Indigo Reduction in Indigo Fermentation: A Voltammetric StudyKasumi NAKAGAWA0Michiki TAKEUCHI1Mayu KIKUCHI2Suzuna KIYOFUJI3Masami KUGO4Takaiku SAKAMOTO5Kenji KANO6Jun OGAWA7Eiji SAKURADANI8Graduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima UniversityIndustrial Microbiology, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityDivision of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityDivision of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityDivision of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityGraduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima UniversityDivision of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityDivision of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto UniversityGraduate School of Advanced Technology and Science, Tokushima UniversityIndigo is one of the oldest natural blue dyes. Microorganisms and their enzymatic activities are deeply involved in the traditional indigo staining procedure. To elucidate the mechanism of the microbial indigo reduction, we directly performed cyclic voltammetry on alkaline fermenting dye suspensions. A pair of characteristic redox peaks of leuco-indigo was observed in a supernatant fluid of the fermenting dye suspension. On the other hand, it was found that the indigo/leuco-indigo redox couple mediated two-way microbially catalyzed oxidation and reduction in a sediment-rich suspension of the fermenting suspension. Acetaldehyde was supposed to be the electron donor and acceptor of the catalytic reactions. In order to verify the bioelectrocatalytic reaction, we isolated indigo-reducing bacterium K2-3′ from the fermenting suspension, and the two-way bioelectrocatalysis was successfully restaged in a model system containing K2-3′ and methyl viologen (as a soluble mediator instead of indigo) as well as acetaldehyde at pH 10.https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/electrochemistry/89/1/89_20-00123/_pdf/-char/enindigo reduction mechanismacetaldehydebioelectrocatalysismediator |
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DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Kasumi NAKAGAWA Michiki TAKEUCHI Mayu KIKUCHI Suzuna KIYOFUJI Masami KUGO Takaiku SAKAMOTO Kenji KANO Jun OGAWA Eiji SAKURADANI |
spellingShingle |
Kasumi NAKAGAWA Michiki TAKEUCHI Mayu KIKUCHI Suzuna KIYOFUJI Masami KUGO Takaiku SAKAMOTO Kenji KANO Jun OGAWA Eiji SAKURADANI Mechanistic Insights into Indigo Reduction in Indigo Fermentation: A Voltammetric Study Electrochemistry indigo reduction mechanism acetaldehyde bioelectrocatalysis mediator |
author_facet |
Kasumi NAKAGAWA Michiki TAKEUCHI Mayu KIKUCHI Suzuna KIYOFUJI Masami KUGO Takaiku SAKAMOTO Kenji KANO Jun OGAWA Eiji SAKURADANI |
author_sort |
Kasumi NAKAGAWA |
title |
Mechanistic Insights into Indigo Reduction in Indigo Fermentation: A Voltammetric Study |
title_short |
Mechanistic Insights into Indigo Reduction in Indigo Fermentation: A Voltammetric Study |
title_full |
Mechanistic Insights into Indigo Reduction in Indigo Fermentation: A Voltammetric Study |
title_fullStr |
Mechanistic Insights into Indigo Reduction in Indigo Fermentation: A Voltammetric Study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mechanistic Insights into Indigo Reduction in Indigo Fermentation: A Voltammetric Study |
title_sort |
mechanistic insights into indigo reduction in indigo fermentation: a voltammetric study |
publisher |
The Electrochemical Society of Japan |
series |
Electrochemistry |
issn |
2186-2451 |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Indigo is one of the oldest natural blue dyes. Microorganisms and their enzymatic activities are deeply involved in the traditional indigo staining procedure. To elucidate the mechanism of the microbial indigo reduction, we directly performed cyclic voltammetry on alkaline fermenting dye suspensions. A pair of characteristic redox peaks of leuco-indigo was observed in a supernatant fluid of the fermenting dye suspension. On the other hand, it was found that the indigo/leuco-indigo redox couple mediated two-way microbially catalyzed oxidation and reduction in a sediment-rich suspension of the fermenting suspension. Acetaldehyde was supposed to be the electron donor and acceptor of the catalytic reactions. In order to verify the bioelectrocatalytic reaction, we isolated indigo-reducing bacterium K2-3′ from the fermenting suspension, and the two-way bioelectrocatalysis was successfully restaged in a model system containing K2-3′ and methyl viologen (as a soluble mediator instead of indigo) as well as acetaldehyde at pH 10. |
topic |
indigo reduction mechanism acetaldehyde bioelectrocatalysis mediator |
url |
https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/electrochemistry/89/1/89_20-00123/_pdf/-char/en |
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