Mechanical and curing behavior of epoxy composites reinforced with polystyrene-graphene oxide (PS-GO) core-shell particles
Epoxy is a high performance yet brittle thermosetting resin. To deem epoxy fit for aircraft applications, its mechanical properties, especially fracture toughness, must be improved. In this work, epoxy resin was reinforced with 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 wt.% polystyrene-graphene oxide (PS-GO) core-shell nano...
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doaj-958173964e674f5bac479cd7abfeaee72021-08-02T04:42:30ZengElsevierComposites Part C: Open Access2666-68202021-07-015100128Mechanical and curing behavior of epoxy composites reinforced with polystyrene-graphene oxide (PS-GO) core-shell particlesRadhika Wazalwar0Niharika Tripathi1Ashok M. Raichur2Department of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, IndiaDepartment of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, IndiaDepartment of Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India; Corresponding author.Epoxy is a high performance yet brittle thermosetting resin. To deem epoxy fit for aircraft applications, its mechanical properties, especially fracture toughness, must be improved. In this work, epoxy resin was reinforced with 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 wt.% polystyrene-graphene oxide (PS-GO) core-shell nano-particles to enhance its fracture toughness. Styrene monomer (oil phase) was polymerized in situ using aqueous GO dispersion (water phase) to obtain PS-GO core-shell nano-particles, which appeared as wrinkled spheres under the electron microscope, confirming that the PS particles were wrapped by the GO sheets. The effect of PS-GO and GO on the curing of epoxy resin was studied and compared. The fracture tests of the cured composites revealed 28% and 26% improvements in the fracture toughness (KIC) and fracture energy (GIC) values for the 1.0 wt.% PS-GO epoxy composite, respectively. Toughening in the composites majorly occurred due to filler debonding accompanied by void formation, crack deflection and blunting and strong filler matrix interaction. The compressive strength and strain at failure improved by 25% and 52% for the 0.1 wt.% PS-GO epoxy composite, respectively. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed that epoxy's stiffness improved slightly after PS-GO addition while the Tg remained almost constant. Finally, the FTIR analysis of cured epoxy composites in agreement with the curing studies ascertained that, irrespective of the filler loading, the amount of hardener used was adequate to achieve complete curing of the epoxy.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666682021000232Polymer-matrix compositeThermosetting resinFracture toughnessThermal propertiesCore-shell nano-particle |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Radhika Wazalwar Niharika Tripathi Ashok M. Raichur |
spellingShingle |
Radhika Wazalwar Niharika Tripathi Ashok M. Raichur Mechanical and curing behavior of epoxy composites reinforced with polystyrene-graphene oxide (PS-GO) core-shell particles Composites Part C: Open Access Polymer-matrix composite Thermosetting resin Fracture toughness Thermal properties Core-shell nano-particle |
author_facet |
Radhika Wazalwar Niharika Tripathi Ashok M. Raichur |
author_sort |
Radhika Wazalwar |
title |
Mechanical and curing behavior of epoxy composites reinforced with polystyrene-graphene oxide (PS-GO) core-shell particles |
title_short |
Mechanical and curing behavior of epoxy composites reinforced with polystyrene-graphene oxide (PS-GO) core-shell particles |
title_full |
Mechanical and curing behavior of epoxy composites reinforced with polystyrene-graphene oxide (PS-GO) core-shell particles |
title_fullStr |
Mechanical and curing behavior of epoxy composites reinforced with polystyrene-graphene oxide (PS-GO) core-shell particles |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mechanical and curing behavior of epoxy composites reinforced with polystyrene-graphene oxide (PS-GO) core-shell particles |
title_sort |
mechanical and curing behavior of epoxy composites reinforced with polystyrene-graphene oxide (ps-go) core-shell particles |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Composites Part C: Open Access |
issn |
2666-6820 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
Epoxy is a high performance yet brittle thermosetting resin. To deem epoxy fit for aircraft applications, its mechanical properties, especially fracture toughness, must be improved. In this work, epoxy resin was reinforced with 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 wt.% polystyrene-graphene oxide (PS-GO) core-shell nano-particles to enhance its fracture toughness. Styrene monomer (oil phase) was polymerized in situ using aqueous GO dispersion (water phase) to obtain PS-GO core-shell nano-particles, which appeared as wrinkled spheres under the electron microscope, confirming that the PS particles were wrapped by the GO sheets. The effect of PS-GO and GO on the curing of epoxy resin was studied and compared. The fracture tests of the cured composites revealed 28% and 26% improvements in the fracture toughness (KIC) and fracture energy (GIC) values for the 1.0 wt.% PS-GO epoxy composite, respectively. Toughening in the composites majorly occurred due to filler debonding accompanied by void formation, crack deflection and blunting and strong filler matrix interaction. The compressive strength and strain at failure improved by 25% and 52% for the 0.1 wt.% PS-GO epoxy composite, respectively. Dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) revealed that epoxy's stiffness improved slightly after PS-GO addition while the Tg remained almost constant. Finally, the FTIR analysis of cured epoxy composites in agreement with the curing studies ascertained that, irrespective of the filler loading, the amount of hardener used was adequate to achieve complete curing of the epoxy. |
topic |
Polymer-matrix composite Thermosetting resin Fracture toughness Thermal properties Core-shell nano-particle |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666682021000232 |
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