Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy
Narcolepsy type 1 is a chronic sleep disorder with significantly higher BMI reported in more than 50% of adolescent patients, putting them at a higher risk for metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Although well-documented, the body fat distribution and mechanisms behind weight gain in narcolepsy are sti...
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doaj-9612f9934baa407fb744071d7bb5fb782020-11-24T21:19:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Endocrinology1664-23922018-12-01910.3389/fendo.2018.00728373244Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With NarcolepsyNatasha Morales Drissi0Natasha Morales Drissi1Thobias Romu2Thobias Romu3Anne-Marie Landtblom4Anne-Marie Landtblom5Anne-Marie Landtblom6Attilla Szakács7Tove Hallböök8Niklas Darin9Magnus Borga10Magnus Borga11Magnus Borga12Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard13Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard14Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard15Maria Engström16Maria Engström17Department of Medical and Health Sciences (IMH), Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenCenter for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenCenter for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenAMRA Medical AB, Linköping, SwedenCenter for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenDepartment of Clinical and Experimental Medicine (IKE), Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenDepartment of Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, SwedenDepartment of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenDepartment of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenDepartment of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, SwedenCenter for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenAMRA Medical AB, Linköping, SwedenDepartment of Biomedical Engineering (IMT), Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenDepartment of Medical and Health Sciences (IMH), Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenCenter for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenAMRA Medical AB, Linköping, SwedenDepartment of Medical and Health Sciences (IMH), Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenCenter for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, SwedenNarcolepsy type 1 is a chronic sleep disorder with significantly higher BMI reported in more than 50% of adolescent patients, putting them at a higher risk for metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Although well-documented, the body fat distribution and mechanisms behind weight gain in narcolepsy are still not fully understood but may be related to the loss of orexin associated with the disease. Orexin has been linked to the regulation of brown adipose tissue (BAT), a metabolically active fat involved in energy homeostasis. Previous studies have used BMI and waist circumference to characterize adipose tissue increases in narcolepsy but none have investigated its specific distribution. Here, we examine adipose tissue distribution in 19 adolescent patients with narcolepsy type 1 and compare them to 17 of their healthy peers using full body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In line with previous findings we saw that the narcolepsy patients had more overall fat than the healthy controls, but contrary to our expectations there were no group differences in supraclavicular BAT, suggesting that orexin may have no effect at all on BAT, at least under thermoneutral conditions. Also, in line with previous reports, we observed that patients had more total abdominal adipose tissue (TAAT), however, we found that they had a lower ratio between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and TAAT indicating a relative increase of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (ASAT). This relationship between VAT and ASAT has been associated with a lower risk for metabolic disease. We conclude that while weight gain in adolescents with narcolepsy matches that of central obesity, the lower VAT ratio may suggest a lower risk of developing metabolic disease.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00728/fullorexinhypocretinbrown adipose tissuevisceral adipose tissuesubcutaneous adipose tissueBMI |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Natasha Morales Drissi Natasha Morales Drissi Thobias Romu Thobias Romu Anne-Marie Landtblom Anne-Marie Landtblom Anne-Marie Landtblom Attilla Szakács Tove Hallböök Niklas Darin Magnus Borga Magnus Borga Magnus Borga Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard Maria Engström Maria Engström |
spellingShingle |
Natasha Morales Drissi Natasha Morales Drissi Thobias Romu Thobias Romu Anne-Marie Landtblom Anne-Marie Landtblom Anne-Marie Landtblom Attilla Szakács Tove Hallböök Niklas Darin Magnus Borga Magnus Borga Magnus Borga Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard Maria Engström Maria Engström Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy Frontiers in Endocrinology orexin hypocretin brown adipose tissue visceral adipose tissue subcutaneous adipose tissue BMI |
author_facet |
Natasha Morales Drissi Natasha Morales Drissi Thobias Romu Thobias Romu Anne-Marie Landtblom Anne-Marie Landtblom Anne-Marie Landtblom Attilla Szakács Tove Hallböök Niklas Darin Magnus Borga Magnus Borga Magnus Borga Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard Maria Engström Maria Engström |
author_sort |
Natasha Morales Drissi |
title |
Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy |
title_short |
Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy |
title_full |
Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy |
title_fullStr |
Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy |
title_full_unstemmed |
Unexpected Fat Distribution in Adolescents With Narcolepsy |
title_sort |
unexpected fat distribution in adolescents with narcolepsy |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Endocrinology |
issn |
1664-2392 |
publishDate |
2018-12-01 |
description |
Narcolepsy type 1 is a chronic sleep disorder with significantly higher BMI reported in more than 50% of adolescent patients, putting them at a higher risk for metabolic syndrome in adulthood. Although well-documented, the body fat distribution and mechanisms behind weight gain in narcolepsy are still not fully understood but may be related to the loss of orexin associated with the disease. Orexin has been linked to the regulation of brown adipose tissue (BAT), a metabolically active fat involved in energy homeostasis. Previous studies have used BMI and waist circumference to characterize adipose tissue increases in narcolepsy but none have investigated its specific distribution. Here, we examine adipose tissue distribution in 19 adolescent patients with narcolepsy type 1 and compare them to 17 of their healthy peers using full body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In line with previous findings we saw that the narcolepsy patients had more overall fat than the healthy controls, but contrary to our expectations there were no group differences in supraclavicular BAT, suggesting that orexin may have no effect at all on BAT, at least under thermoneutral conditions. Also, in line with previous reports, we observed that patients had more total abdominal adipose tissue (TAAT), however, we found that they had a lower ratio between visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and TAAT indicating a relative increase of subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue (ASAT). This relationship between VAT and ASAT has been associated with a lower risk for metabolic disease. We conclude that while weight gain in adolescents with narcolepsy matches that of central obesity, the lower VAT ratio may suggest a lower risk of developing metabolic disease. |
topic |
orexin hypocretin brown adipose tissue visceral adipose tissue subcutaneous adipose tissue BMI |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00728/full |
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