Volumetric, relaxometric and diffusometric correlates of psychotic experiences in a non-clinical sample of young adults
Background: Grey matter (GM) abnormalities are robust features of schizophrenia and of people at ultra high-risk for psychosis. However the extent to which neuroanatomical alterations are evident in non-clinical subjects with isolated psychotic experiences is less clear. Methods: Individuals (mean a...
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doaj-965818ed8804447bb2aba8dd313c84112020-11-24T23:33:59ZengElsevierNeuroImage: Clinical2213-15822016-01-0112C55055810.1016/j.nicl.2016.09.002Volumetric, relaxometric and diffusometric correlates of psychotic experiences in a non-clinical sample of young adultsMark Drakesmith0Anirban Dutt1Leon Fonville2Stanley Zammit3Abraham Reichenberg4C. John Evans5Philip McGuire6Glyn Lewis7Derek K. Jones8Anthony S. David9Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Manidy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UKDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, DeCrespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UKDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, DeCrespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UKNeuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute (NMHRI), School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Maindy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UKDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, DeCrespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UKCardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Manidy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UKDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, DeCrespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UKDivision of Psychiatry, Faculty of Brain Sciences, University College London, Charles Bell House, 67–73 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EJ, UKCardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Manidy Road, Cardiff CF24 4HQ, UKDepartment of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, DeCrespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, UKBackground: Grey matter (GM) abnormalities are robust features of schizophrenia and of people at ultra high-risk for psychosis. However the extent to which neuroanatomical alterations are evident in non-clinical subjects with isolated psychotic experiences is less clear. Methods: Individuals (mean age 20 years) with (n = 123) or without (n = 125) psychotic experiences (PEs) were identified from a population-based cohort. All underwent T1-weighted structural, diffusion and quantitative T1 relaxometry MRI, to characterise GM macrostructure, microstructure and myelination respectively. Differences in quantitative GM structure were assessed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Binary and ordinal models of PEs were tested. Correlations between socioeconomic and other risk factors for psychosis with cortical GM measures were also computed. Results: GM volume in the left supra-marginal gyrus was reduced in individuals with PEs relative to those with no PEs. The greater the severity of PEs, the greater the reduction in T1 relaxation rate (R1) across left temporoparietal and right pre-frontal cortices. In these regions, R1 was positively correlated with maternal education and inversely correlated with general psychopathology. Conclusions: PEs in non-clinical subjects were associated with regional reductions in grey-matter volume reduction and T1 relaxation rate. The alterations in T1 relaxation rate were also linked to the level of general psychopathology. Follow up of these subjects should clarify whether these alterations predict the later development of an ultra high-risk state or a psychotic disorder.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158216301607PsychosisGrey matterVBMDTIMR relaxometryALSPACNeurodevelopment |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Mark Drakesmith Anirban Dutt Leon Fonville Stanley Zammit Abraham Reichenberg C. John Evans Philip McGuire Glyn Lewis Derek K. Jones Anthony S. David |
spellingShingle |
Mark Drakesmith Anirban Dutt Leon Fonville Stanley Zammit Abraham Reichenberg C. John Evans Philip McGuire Glyn Lewis Derek K. Jones Anthony S. David Volumetric, relaxometric and diffusometric correlates of psychotic experiences in a non-clinical sample of young adults NeuroImage: Clinical Psychosis Grey matter VBM DTI MR relaxometry ALSPAC Neurodevelopment |
author_facet |
Mark Drakesmith Anirban Dutt Leon Fonville Stanley Zammit Abraham Reichenberg C. John Evans Philip McGuire Glyn Lewis Derek K. Jones Anthony S. David |
author_sort |
Mark Drakesmith |
title |
Volumetric, relaxometric and diffusometric correlates of psychotic experiences in a non-clinical sample of young adults |
title_short |
Volumetric, relaxometric and diffusometric correlates of psychotic experiences in a non-clinical sample of young adults |
title_full |
Volumetric, relaxometric and diffusometric correlates of psychotic experiences in a non-clinical sample of young adults |
title_fullStr |
Volumetric, relaxometric and diffusometric correlates of psychotic experiences in a non-clinical sample of young adults |
title_full_unstemmed |
Volumetric, relaxometric and diffusometric correlates of psychotic experiences in a non-clinical sample of young adults |
title_sort |
volumetric, relaxometric and diffusometric correlates of psychotic experiences in a non-clinical sample of young adults |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
NeuroImage: Clinical |
issn |
2213-1582 |
publishDate |
2016-01-01 |
description |
Background: Grey matter (GM) abnormalities are robust features of schizophrenia and of people at ultra high-risk for psychosis. However the extent to which neuroanatomical alterations are evident in non-clinical subjects with isolated psychotic experiences is less clear.
Methods: Individuals (mean age 20 years) with (n = 123) or without (n = 125) psychotic experiences (PEs) were identified from a population-based cohort. All underwent T1-weighted structural, diffusion and quantitative T1 relaxometry MRI, to characterise GM macrostructure, microstructure and myelination respectively. Differences in quantitative GM structure were assessed using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Binary and ordinal models of PEs were tested. Correlations between socioeconomic and other risk factors for psychosis with cortical GM measures were also computed.
Results: GM volume in the left supra-marginal gyrus was reduced in individuals with PEs relative to those with no PEs. The greater the severity of PEs, the greater the reduction in T1 relaxation rate (R1) across left temporoparietal and right pre-frontal cortices. In these regions, R1 was positively correlated with maternal education and inversely correlated with general psychopathology.
Conclusions: PEs in non-clinical subjects were associated with regional reductions in grey-matter volume reduction and T1 relaxation rate. The alterations in T1 relaxation rate were also linked to the level of general psychopathology. Follow up of these subjects should clarify whether these alterations predict the later development of an ultra high-risk state or a psychotic disorder. |
topic |
Psychosis Grey matter VBM DTI MR relaxometry ALSPAC Neurodevelopment |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213158216301607 |
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