Biological Properties of Low-Toxicity PLGA and PLGA/PHB Fibrous Nanocomposite Implants for Osseous Tissue Regeneration. Part I: Evaluation of Potential Biotoxicity

• Main Authors: Izabella Krucińska, Bogusława Żywicka, Agnieszka Komisarczyk, Maria Szymonowicz, Stanisława Kowalska, Ewa Zaczyńska, Marcin Struszczyk, Anna Czarny, Piotr Jadczyk, Barbara Umińska-Wasiluk, Zbigniew Rybak, Marek Kowalczuk
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2017-11-01
• Series: Molecules
• Subjects: biotoxicity; biodegradation; cytotoxicity; genotoxicity; hemocompatability; nonwoven fabrics; bone implant; poly(; ">l-lactide-co-glycolide); synthetic poly([R,S]-3-hydroxybutyrate); encapsulated growth factor
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/12/2092

In response to the demand for new implant materials characterized by high biocompatibility and bioresorption, two prototypes of fibrous nanocomposite implants for osseous tissue regeneration made of a newly developed blend of poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) and syntheticpoly([R,S]-3-hydroxybutyrate), PLGA/PHB, have been developed and fabricated. Afibre-forming copolymer of glycolide and l-lactide (PLGA) was obtained by a unique method of synthesis carried out in blocksusing Zr(AcAc)4 as an initiator. The prototypes of the implants are composed of three layers of PLGA or PLGA/PHB, nonwoven fabrics with a pore structure designed to provide the best conditions for the cell proliferation. The bioactivity of the proposed implants has been imparted by introducing a hydroxyapatite material and IGF1, a growth factor. The developed prototypes of implants have been subjected to a set of in vitro and in vivobiocompatibility tests: in vitro cytotoxic effect, in vitro genotoxicity and systemic toxicity. Rabbitsshowed no signs of negative reactionafter implantation of the experimental implant prototypes.