Positive Effect of Antagonistic Additives on the Homogeneous Catalytic Etherification Reaction of Glycerol
Various compounds prepared using glycerol, diglycerol (DG), and triglycerol (TG) have been gaining increasing attention due to their wide range of applications. To increase the yield and selectivity of DG and TG syntheses, previous studies investigated a variety of catalysts with different basicity...
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doaj-96a95932140f41fa8d0d53d436c72c952021-08-26T13:36:45ZengMDPI AGCatalysts2073-43442021-08-01111000100010.3390/catal11081000Positive Effect of Antagonistic Additives on the Homogeneous Catalytic Etherification Reaction of GlycerolTaeyoul Han0Je Seung Lee1Green Carbon Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, KoreaDepartment of Chemistry and Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, KoreaVarious compounds prepared using glycerol, diglycerol (DG), and triglycerol (TG) have been gaining increasing attention due to their wide range of applications. To increase the yield and selectivity of DG and TG syntheses, previous studies investigated a variety of catalysts with different basicity and variable reaction temperatures. In this study, we introduced additives that act as inhibitors to increase the selectivity of the etherification reaction for DG and TG production and depress the formation of higher oligomers by moderating the activity of the catalyst. By adding weakly acidic alkali metal-based inorganic salts (NaHSO<sub>4</sub> and KHSO<sub>4</sub>), the selectivity of DG and TG formation could be enhanced, although the conversion of glycerol decreased due to the reduced activity of catalyst. We found that the decrease in the activity of the catalyst caused by the additives could be recovered and that side reactions were reduced if the reaction was carried out at an increased temperature of 280 °C and if the reaction time was shortened to 2 h to suppress the formation of oligomers. The dependence of the reaction on the amount of the additive, the reaction time, and the reaction temperature was investigated to elucidate the role of the additive.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/8/1000glyceroldiglyceroltriglycerolproton donoradditivehomogeneous catalysis |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Taeyoul Han Je Seung Lee |
spellingShingle |
Taeyoul Han Je Seung Lee Positive Effect of Antagonistic Additives on the Homogeneous Catalytic Etherification Reaction of Glycerol Catalysts glycerol diglycerol triglycerol proton donor additive homogeneous catalysis |
author_facet |
Taeyoul Han Je Seung Lee |
author_sort |
Taeyoul Han |
title |
Positive Effect of Antagonistic Additives on the Homogeneous Catalytic Etherification Reaction of Glycerol |
title_short |
Positive Effect of Antagonistic Additives on the Homogeneous Catalytic Etherification Reaction of Glycerol |
title_full |
Positive Effect of Antagonistic Additives on the Homogeneous Catalytic Etherification Reaction of Glycerol |
title_fullStr |
Positive Effect of Antagonistic Additives on the Homogeneous Catalytic Etherification Reaction of Glycerol |
title_full_unstemmed |
Positive Effect of Antagonistic Additives on the Homogeneous Catalytic Etherification Reaction of Glycerol |
title_sort |
positive effect of antagonistic additives on the homogeneous catalytic etherification reaction of glycerol |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Catalysts |
issn |
2073-4344 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Various compounds prepared using glycerol, diglycerol (DG), and triglycerol (TG) have been gaining increasing attention due to their wide range of applications. To increase the yield and selectivity of DG and TG syntheses, previous studies investigated a variety of catalysts with different basicity and variable reaction temperatures. In this study, we introduced additives that act as inhibitors to increase the selectivity of the etherification reaction for DG and TG production and depress the formation of higher oligomers by moderating the activity of the catalyst. By adding weakly acidic alkali metal-based inorganic salts (NaHSO<sub>4</sub> and KHSO<sub>4</sub>), the selectivity of DG and TG formation could be enhanced, although the conversion of glycerol decreased due to the reduced activity of catalyst. We found that the decrease in the activity of the catalyst caused by the additives could be recovered and that side reactions were reduced if the reaction was carried out at an increased temperature of 280 °C and if the reaction time was shortened to 2 h to suppress the formation of oligomers. The dependence of the reaction on the amount of the additive, the reaction time, and the reaction temperature was investigated to elucidate the role of the additive. |
topic |
glycerol diglycerol triglycerol proton donor additive homogeneous catalysis |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4344/11/8/1000 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT taeyoulhan positiveeffectofantagonisticadditivesonthehomogeneouscatalyticetherificationreactionofglycerol AT jeseunglee positiveeffectofantagonisticadditivesonthehomogeneouscatalyticetherificationreactionofglycerol |
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1721194387223871488 |