Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Urinary Albumin to Creatinine Ratio as a Predictor of Cardiovascular Disease in Metabolic Syndrome Patients

• Main Authors: Shahid Iqbal, Anju Mittal, Sudeep Kumar, Sumesh Prasad Sah, Imran Mustafa, Manju Sharma
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited 2020-10-01
• Series: Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research
• Subjects: diabetes; dyslipidemia; hypertension; lipid accumulation product; microalbuminuria; obesity
• Online Access: https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/14155/45002_CE[Ra1]_F(SL)_PF1(AKA_KM)_PFA(AKA_KM)_GC(AsG_SL)_PN(SL).pdf

Introduction: Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) is a condition that increases the risk of cardiac disease, diabetes, hypertension and may be associated with microalbuminuria. Aim: To investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome and to determine albumin to creatinine ratio as a predictor of cardiovascular disease in metabolic syndrome. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital based crosssectional study conducted from February 2019 to January 2020 in the Department of Biochemistry and Outpatient Department of Muzaffarnagar Medical College, Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh. Out of enrolled 795 subjects, 452 were male and 343 were female. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was calculated on the basis of metabolic syndrome criteria. Anthropometric parameters like age, weight, height, blood pressure and the biochemical parameters including fasting blood sugar, triglyceride, Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP), urinary albumin, serum creatinine and urinary Albumin to Creatinine Ratio were measured in study population. SPSS version 16 was used for statistical analysis and student independent sample t-test was used for comparing differences amongst the variables. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: Out of 795 subjects, 152 patients (19.12%) were hypertensive, 85 patients (10.69%) were diabetic and 29 patients (3.65%) were hypertensive with diabetic. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was around 18.11% (144 subjects), out of which 52.78% were female and 47.22% were male. Out of 144 Metabolic Syndrome subjects, 23 subjects were diabetic, 32 were hypertensive, 14 were diabetic with hypertensive and 75were others. The mean levels of urinary albumin creatinine ratio were increased significantly in metabolic syndrome subjects and the increase in urine Albumin to Creatinine Ratio (uACR) was more in metabolic syndrome subjects having Diabetes and Hypertension both. Conclusion: The present study concluded that the microalbuminuria is associated with metabolic syndrome. The microalbuminuria was found to be more significant in metabolic syndrome subjects who were diabetic with hypertensive as compared to diabetic or hypertensive alone.