Regenerative Medicine, Disease Modelling, and Drug Discovery in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Kidney Tissue
The multitude of research clarifying critical factors in embryonic organ development has been instrumental in human stem cell research. Mammalian organogenesis serves as the archetype for directed differentiation protocols, subdividing the process into a series of distinct intermediate stages that c...
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doaj-9743342eeff84d08aa87449c08b29cea2020-11-24T21:42:59ZengEuropean Medical JournalEuropean Medical Journal Reproductive Health2059-450X2017-08-01315767Regenerative Medicine, Disease Modelling, and Drug Discovery in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Kidney Tissue Navin Gupta0Koichiro Susa1Ryuji Morizane2Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USARenal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USARenal Division, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USAThe multitude of research clarifying critical factors in embryonic organ development has been instrumental in human stem cell research. Mammalian organogenesis serves as the archetype for directed differentiation protocols, subdividing the process into a series of distinct intermediate stages that can be chemically induced and monitored for the expression of stage-specific markers. Significant advances over the past few years include established directed differentiation protocols of human embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) into human kidney organoids in vitro. Human kidney tissue in vitro simulates the in vivo response when subjected to nephrotoxins, providing a novel screening platform during drug discovery to facilitate identification of lead candidates, reduce developmental expenditures, and reduce future rates of drug-induced acute kidney injury. Patient-derived hiPSC, which bear naturally occurring DNA mutations, may allow for modelling of human genetic diseases to enable determination of pathological mechanisms and screening for novel therapeutics. In addition, recent advances in genome editing with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 enable the generation of specific mutations to study genetic disease, with non-mutated lines serving as an ideal isogenic control. The growing population of patients with end-stage kidney disease is a worldwide healthcare problem, with high morbidity and mortality rates, that warrants the discovery of novel forms of renal replacement therapy. Coupling the outlined advances in hiPSC research with innovative bioengineering techniques, such as decellularised kidney and three-dimensional printed scaffolds, may contribute to the development of bioengineered transplantable human kidney tissue as a means of renal replacement therapy.https://www.emjreviews.com/reproductive-health/article/regenerative-medicine-disease-modelling-and-drug-discovery-in-human-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived-kidney-tissue/Kidneyorganoidmini-organinduced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC)pluripotent stem cell (PSC)directed differentiationkidney developmentglomerulitissue engineering |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Navin Gupta Koichiro Susa Ryuji Morizane |
spellingShingle |
Navin Gupta Koichiro Susa Ryuji Morizane Regenerative Medicine, Disease Modelling, and Drug Discovery in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Kidney Tissue European Medical Journal Reproductive Health Kidney organoid mini-organ induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) pluripotent stem cell (PSC) directed differentiation kidney development glomeruli tissue engineering |
author_facet |
Navin Gupta Koichiro Susa Ryuji Morizane |
author_sort |
Navin Gupta |
title |
Regenerative Medicine, Disease Modelling, and Drug Discovery in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Kidney Tissue |
title_short |
Regenerative Medicine, Disease Modelling, and Drug Discovery in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Kidney Tissue |
title_full |
Regenerative Medicine, Disease Modelling, and Drug Discovery in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Kidney Tissue |
title_fullStr |
Regenerative Medicine, Disease Modelling, and Drug Discovery in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Kidney Tissue |
title_full_unstemmed |
Regenerative Medicine, Disease Modelling, and Drug Discovery in Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Kidney Tissue |
title_sort |
regenerative medicine, disease modelling, and drug discovery in human pluripotent stem cell-derived kidney tissue |
publisher |
European Medical Journal |
series |
European Medical Journal Reproductive Health |
issn |
2059-450X |
publishDate |
2017-08-01 |
description |
The multitude of research clarifying critical factors in embryonic organ development has been instrumental in human stem cell research. Mammalian organogenesis serves as the archetype for directed differentiation protocols, subdividing the process into a series of distinct intermediate stages that can be chemically induced and monitored for the expression of stage-specific markers. Significant advances over the past few years include established directed differentiation protocols of human embryonic stem cells and human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) into human kidney organoids in vitro. Human kidney tissue in vitro simulates the in vivo response when subjected to nephrotoxins, providing a novel screening platform during drug discovery to facilitate identification of lead candidates, reduce developmental expenditures, and reduce future rates of drug-induced acute kidney injury. Patient-derived hiPSC, which bear naturally occurring DNA mutations, may allow for modelling of human genetic diseases to enable determination of pathological mechanisms and screening for novel therapeutics. In addition, recent advances in genome editing with clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas9 enable the generation of specific mutations to study genetic disease, with non-mutated lines serving as an ideal isogenic control. The growing population of patients with end-stage kidney disease is a worldwide healthcare problem, with high morbidity and mortality rates, that warrants the discovery of novel forms of renal replacement therapy. Coupling the outlined advances in hiPSC research with innovative bioengineering techniques, such as decellularised kidney and three-dimensional printed scaffolds, may contribute to the development of bioengineered transplantable human kidney tissue as a means of renal replacement therapy. |
topic |
Kidney organoid mini-organ induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) pluripotent stem cell (PSC) directed differentiation kidney development glomeruli tissue engineering |
url |
https://www.emjreviews.com/reproductive-health/article/regenerative-medicine-disease-modelling-and-drug-discovery-in-human-pluripotent-stem-cell-derived-kidney-tissue/ |
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