What Is the Evolutionary Fingerprint in Neutrophil Granulocytes?
Over the years of evolution, thousands of different animal species have evolved. All these species require an immune system to defend themselves against invading pathogens. Nevertheless, the immune systems of different species are obviously counteracting against the same pathogen with different effi...
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doaj-974f4e8d5441472aaa79a57dad8e7c462020-11-25T03:14:12ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-06-01214523452310.3390/ijms21124523What Is the Evolutionary Fingerprint in Neutrophil Granulocytes?Leonie Fingerhut0Gaby Dolz1Nicole de Buhr2Department of Physiological Chemistry, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, GermanyEscuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional, Heredia 40104, Costa RicaDepartment of Physiological Chemistry, Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559 Hannover, GermanyOver the years of evolution, thousands of different animal species have evolved. All these species require an immune system to defend themselves against invading pathogens. Nevertheless, the immune systems of different species are obviously counteracting against the same pathogen with different efficiency. Therefore, the question arises if the process that was leading to the clades of vertebrates in the animal kingdom—namely mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish—was also leading to different functions of immune cells. One cell type of the innate immune system that is transmigrating as first line of defense in infected tissue and counteracts against pathogens is the neutrophil granulocyte. During the host–pathogen interaction they can undergo phagocytosis, apoptosis, degranulation, and form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). In this review, we summarize a wide spectrum of information about neutrophils in humans and animals, with a focus on vertebrates. Special attention is kept on the development, morphology, composition, and functions of these cells, but also on dysfunctions and options for cell culture or storage.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/12/4523neutrophilspeciesgranulocyte |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Leonie Fingerhut Gaby Dolz Nicole de Buhr |
spellingShingle |
Leonie Fingerhut Gaby Dolz Nicole de Buhr What Is the Evolutionary Fingerprint in Neutrophil Granulocytes? International Journal of Molecular Sciences neutrophil species granulocyte |
author_facet |
Leonie Fingerhut Gaby Dolz Nicole de Buhr |
author_sort |
Leonie Fingerhut |
title |
What Is the Evolutionary Fingerprint in Neutrophil Granulocytes? |
title_short |
What Is the Evolutionary Fingerprint in Neutrophil Granulocytes? |
title_full |
What Is the Evolutionary Fingerprint in Neutrophil Granulocytes? |
title_fullStr |
What Is the Evolutionary Fingerprint in Neutrophil Granulocytes? |
title_full_unstemmed |
What Is the Evolutionary Fingerprint in Neutrophil Granulocytes? |
title_sort |
what is the evolutionary fingerprint in neutrophil granulocytes? |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
issn |
1661-6596 1422-0067 |
publishDate |
2020-06-01 |
description |
Over the years of evolution, thousands of different animal species have evolved. All these species require an immune system to defend themselves against invading pathogens. Nevertheless, the immune systems of different species are obviously counteracting against the same pathogen with different efficiency. Therefore, the question arises if the process that was leading to the clades of vertebrates in the animal kingdom—namely mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish—was also leading to different functions of immune cells. One cell type of the innate immune system that is transmigrating as first line of defense in infected tissue and counteracts against pathogens is the neutrophil granulocyte. During the host–pathogen interaction they can undergo phagocytosis, apoptosis, degranulation, and form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). In this review, we summarize a wide spectrum of information about neutrophils in humans and animals, with a focus on vertebrates. Special attention is kept on the development, morphology, composition, and functions of these cells, but also on dysfunctions and options for cell culture or storage. |
topic |
neutrophil species granulocyte |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/12/4523 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT leoniefingerhut whatistheevolutionaryfingerprintinneutrophilgranulocytes AT gabydolz whatistheevolutionaryfingerprintinneutrophilgranulocytes AT nicoledebuhr whatistheevolutionaryfingerprintinneutrophilgranulocytes |
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1724644011887558656 |