| Summary: | Order occupied a central role in how the ancients understood the world. Violence against animals in the ancient world was acceptable depending, at least in part, on how they were classified into the order-disorder spectrum. Animals that were seen as threatening to order were classified as more wild and disorderly, even if the animals were seen as able to form contracts. Animals employed in some manner beneficial to humans, though, were seen as more orderly. Ultimately, if violence was necessary for the preservation of order, especially if the goal was to keep animals in a state of usefulness, it was employed. Lastly, arguments that promote kindness towards animals highlight that this kindness is, in some indirect way, to preserve order.
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