Discriminatory Molecular Biomarkers of Allergic and Nonallergic Asthma and Its Severity

Asthma is a complex disease comprising various phenotypes and endotypes, all of which still need solid biomarkers for accurate classification. In a previous study, we defined specific genes related to asthma and respiratory allergy by studying the expression of 94 genes in a population composed of 4...

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Main Authors: Selene Baos, David Calzada, Lucía Cremades-Jimeno, MªÁngeles de Pedro, Joaquín Sastre, César Picado, Joaquín Quiralte, Fernando Florido, Carlos Lahoz, Blanca Cárdaba
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: Frontiers Media S.A. 2019-05-01
Series:Frontiers in Immunology
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01051/full
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spelling doaj-9794e29bafc6474cbcdeadece5b569552020-11-24T21:05:17ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242019-05-011010.3389/fimmu.2019.01051448205Discriminatory Molecular Biomarkers of Allergic and Nonallergic Asthma and Its SeveritySelene Baos0David Calzada1Lucía Cremades-Jimeno2MªÁngeles de Pedro3Joaquín Sastre4Joaquín Sastre5César Picado6César Picado7Joaquín Quiralte8Fernando Florido9Carlos Lahoz10Carlos Lahoz11Blanca Cárdaba12Blanca Cárdaba13Immunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, SpainImmunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, SpainImmunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, SpainImmunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, SpainCIBERES, CIBER of Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, SpainAllergy Department, Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Madrid, SpainCIBERES, CIBER of Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, SpainPulmonology Department, Clinic de Barcelona Hospital, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi iSunyer, Barcelona, SpainAllergy Department, Vírgen del Rocío University Hospital, Seville, SpainAllergy Department, San Cecilio University Hospital, Granada, SpainImmunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, SpainCIBERES, CIBER of Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, SpainImmunology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-UAM, Madrid, SpainCIBERES, CIBER of Respiratory Diseases, Madrid, SpainAsthma is a complex disease comprising various phenotypes and endotypes, all of which still need solid biomarkers for accurate classification. In a previous study, we defined specific genes related to asthma and respiratory allergy by studying the expression of 94 genes in a population composed of 4 groups of subjects: healthy control, nonallergic asthmatic, asthmatic allergic, and nonasthmatic allergic patients. An analysis of differential gene expression between controls and patients revealed a set of statistically relevant genes mainly associated with disease severity, i.e., CHI3L1, IL-8, IL-10, MSR1, PHLDA1, PI3, and SERPINB2. Here, we analyzed whether these genes and their proteins could be potential asthma biomarkers to distinguish between nonallergic asthmatic and asthmatic allergic subjects. Protein quantification was determined by ELISA (in serum) or Western blot (in protein extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells or PBMCs). Statistical analyses were performed by unpaired t-test using the Graph-Pad program. The sensitivity and specificity of the gene and protein expression of several candidate biomarkers in differentiating the two groups (and the severity subgroups) was performed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis using the R program. The ROC curve analysis determined single genes with good sensitivity and specificity for discriminating some of the phenotypes. However, interesting combinations of two or three protein biomarkers were found to distinguish the asthma disease and disease severity between the different phenotypes of this pathology using reproducible techniques in easy-to-obtain samples. Gene and protein panels formed by single biomarkers and biomarker combinations have been defined in easily obtainable samples and by standardized techniques. These panels could be useful for characterizing phenotypes of asthma, specifically when differentiating asthma severity.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01051/fullasthmabiomarkersgene expressionprotein expressionallergy
collection DOAJ
language English
format Article
sources DOAJ
author Selene Baos
David Calzada
Lucía Cremades-Jimeno
MªÁngeles de Pedro
Joaquín Sastre
Joaquín Sastre
César Picado
César Picado
Joaquín Quiralte
Fernando Florido
Carlos Lahoz
Carlos Lahoz
Blanca Cárdaba
Blanca Cárdaba
spellingShingle Selene Baos
David Calzada
Lucía Cremades-Jimeno
MªÁngeles de Pedro
Joaquín Sastre
Joaquín Sastre
César Picado
César Picado
Joaquín Quiralte
Fernando Florido
Carlos Lahoz
Carlos Lahoz
Blanca Cárdaba
Blanca Cárdaba
Discriminatory Molecular Biomarkers of Allergic and Nonallergic Asthma and Its Severity
Frontiers in Immunology
asthma
biomarkers
gene expression
protein expression
allergy
author_facet Selene Baos
David Calzada
Lucía Cremades-Jimeno
MªÁngeles de Pedro
Joaquín Sastre
Joaquín Sastre
César Picado
César Picado
Joaquín Quiralte
Fernando Florido
Carlos Lahoz
Carlos Lahoz
Blanca Cárdaba
Blanca Cárdaba
author_sort Selene Baos
title Discriminatory Molecular Biomarkers of Allergic and Nonallergic Asthma and Its Severity
title_short Discriminatory Molecular Biomarkers of Allergic and Nonallergic Asthma and Its Severity
title_full Discriminatory Molecular Biomarkers of Allergic and Nonallergic Asthma and Its Severity
title_fullStr Discriminatory Molecular Biomarkers of Allergic and Nonallergic Asthma and Its Severity
title_full_unstemmed Discriminatory Molecular Biomarkers of Allergic and Nonallergic Asthma and Its Severity
title_sort discriminatory molecular biomarkers of allergic and nonallergic asthma and its severity
publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
series Frontiers in Immunology
issn 1664-3224
publishDate 2019-05-01
description Asthma is a complex disease comprising various phenotypes and endotypes, all of which still need solid biomarkers for accurate classification. In a previous study, we defined specific genes related to asthma and respiratory allergy by studying the expression of 94 genes in a population composed of 4 groups of subjects: healthy control, nonallergic asthmatic, asthmatic allergic, and nonasthmatic allergic patients. An analysis of differential gene expression between controls and patients revealed a set of statistically relevant genes mainly associated with disease severity, i.e., CHI3L1, IL-8, IL-10, MSR1, PHLDA1, PI3, and SERPINB2. Here, we analyzed whether these genes and their proteins could be potential asthma biomarkers to distinguish between nonallergic asthmatic and asthmatic allergic subjects. Protein quantification was determined by ELISA (in serum) or Western blot (in protein extracted from peripheral blood mononuclear cells or PBMCs). Statistical analyses were performed by unpaired t-test using the Graph-Pad program. The sensitivity and specificity of the gene and protein expression of several candidate biomarkers in differentiating the two groups (and the severity subgroups) was performed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis using the R program. The ROC curve analysis determined single genes with good sensitivity and specificity for discriminating some of the phenotypes. However, interesting combinations of two or three protein biomarkers were found to distinguish the asthma disease and disease severity between the different phenotypes of this pathology using reproducible techniques in easy-to-obtain samples. Gene and protein panels formed by single biomarkers and biomarker combinations have been defined in easily obtainable samples and by standardized techniques. These panels could be useful for characterizing phenotypes of asthma, specifically when differentiating asthma severity.
topic asthma
biomarkers
gene expression
protein expression
allergy
url https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2019.01051/full
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