Microstructure, Microhardness, Fracture Toughness, and Abrasive Wear of In-Situ Synthesized TiC/Ti-Al Composite Coatings by Cold Spraying Combined with Heat Treatment
TiAl intermetallic compounds, as a new kind of high-performance light-weight structural material, are widely applied in many fields. Titanium carbide (TiC) as the reinforcing phase could improve the mechanical properties, wear resistance, and heat-resistance stability of TiAl intermetallic compounds...
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doaj-988c02ca71e14c5fbefbded8aa2ae0232021-09-25T23:56:02ZengMDPI AGCoatings2079-64122021-08-01111034103410.3390/coatings11091034Microstructure, Microhardness, Fracture Toughness, and Abrasive Wear of In-Situ Synthesized TiC/Ti-Al Composite Coatings by Cold Spraying Combined with Heat TreatmentXiao Chen0Chengdi Li1Xiaobo Bai2Hao Liu3Shunjian Xu4Yao Hu5Xinyu Key Laboratory of Materials Technology and Application for Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinyu University, Xinyu 338004, ChinaNational Center for International Research of Subsea Engineering Technology and Equipment, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, ChinaJiangxi Province Engineering Research Center of Materials Surface Enhancing & Remanufacturing, School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, ChinaXinyu Key Laboratory of Materials Technology and Application for Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinyu University, Xinyu 338004, ChinaXinyu Key Laboratory of Materials Technology and Application for Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinyu University, Xinyu 338004, ChinaXinyu Key Laboratory of Materials Technology and Application for Intelligent Manufacturing, School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinyu University, Xinyu 338004, ChinaTiAl intermetallic compounds, as a new kind of high-performance light-weight structural material, are widely applied in many fields. Titanium carbide (TiC) as the reinforcing phase could improve the mechanical properties, wear resistance, and heat-resistance stability of TiAl intermetallic compounds. Ti(Al, C) mixture powders were deposited by cold spraying at gas temperature of 250 °C, 450 °C, and 550 °C. Then, Ti(Al, C) coatings were annealed at temperatures of 650 °C for different times and following holding at 1100 °C for 3 h. The microstructure, microhardness, fracture toughness, and abrasive wear of Ti-Al composite coatings were investigated. The research results were that the particle size of mixture powders decreased as the ball milling time prolonging. Ti(Al) solid solution appeared in the mixture powders as the milling time increased to 30 h. The average porosity of the coating sprayed at 550 °C was the lowest (0.85%). The as-sprayed coatings exhibited the same phase compositions with the mixture powders. The coating sprayed at gas temperature of 550 °C has the highest microhardness and the lowest weight loss. Ti-Al intermetallic was in-situ synthesized after annealing at 650 °C. The average porosity of the annealed coating (sprayed at 450 °C) was the lowest. The content of Ti-Al intermetallic compounds of the annealed coating sprayed at 450 °C is the highest. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results are consistent with the EDS analysis of the annealed coatings after annealing at 650 °C. Ti-Al intermetallic compounds were almost completely formed in the three kinds of the coatings after annealing at 650 °C for 20 h and following holding at 1100 °C for 3 h. TiAl and TiAl<sub>3</sub> intermetallic phases were in-situ synthesized in the coatings based on the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and XRD analysis. TiC was also in situ synthesized in the coatings as the annealing temperature increased to 1100 °C. The annealed coating (sprayed at 450 °C) has the highest microhardness, fracture toughness, and wear resistance properties after annealing at 1100 °C for 3 h.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/11/9/1034cold sprayingTiAlmicrostructuremicrohardnessfracture toughnessabrasive wear |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Xiao Chen Chengdi Li Xiaobo Bai Hao Liu Shunjian Xu Yao Hu |
spellingShingle |
Xiao Chen Chengdi Li Xiaobo Bai Hao Liu Shunjian Xu Yao Hu Microstructure, Microhardness, Fracture Toughness, and Abrasive Wear of In-Situ Synthesized TiC/Ti-Al Composite Coatings by Cold Spraying Combined with Heat Treatment Coatings cold spraying TiAl microstructure microhardness fracture toughness abrasive wear |
author_facet |
Xiao Chen Chengdi Li Xiaobo Bai Hao Liu Shunjian Xu Yao Hu |
author_sort |
Xiao Chen |
title |
Microstructure, Microhardness, Fracture Toughness, and Abrasive Wear of In-Situ Synthesized TiC/Ti-Al Composite Coatings by Cold Spraying Combined with Heat Treatment |
title_short |
Microstructure, Microhardness, Fracture Toughness, and Abrasive Wear of In-Situ Synthesized TiC/Ti-Al Composite Coatings by Cold Spraying Combined with Heat Treatment |
title_full |
Microstructure, Microhardness, Fracture Toughness, and Abrasive Wear of In-Situ Synthesized TiC/Ti-Al Composite Coatings by Cold Spraying Combined with Heat Treatment |
title_fullStr |
Microstructure, Microhardness, Fracture Toughness, and Abrasive Wear of In-Situ Synthesized TiC/Ti-Al Composite Coatings by Cold Spraying Combined with Heat Treatment |
title_full_unstemmed |
Microstructure, Microhardness, Fracture Toughness, and Abrasive Wear of In-Situ Synthesized TiC/Ti-Al Composite Coatings by Cold Spraying Combined with Heat Treatment |
title_sort |
microstructure, microhardness, fracture toughness, and abrasive wear of in-situ synthesized tic/ti-al composite coatings by cold spraying combined with heat treatment |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Coatings |
issn |
2079-6412 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
TiAl intermetallic compounds, as a new kind of high-performance light-weight structural material, are widely applied in many fields. Titanium carbide (TiC) as the reinforcing phase could improve the mechanical properties, wear resistance, and heat-resistance stability of TiAl intermetallic compounds. Ti(Al, C) mixture powders were deposited by cold spraying at gas temperature of 250 °C, 450 °C, and 550 °C. Then, Ti(Al, C) coatings were annealed at temperatures of 650 °C for different times and following holding at 1100 °C for 3 h. The microstructure, microhardness, fracture toughness, and abrasive wear of Ti-Al composite coatings were investigated. The research results were that the particle size of mixture powders decreased as the ball milling time prolonging. Ti(Al) solid solution appeared in the mixture powders as the milling time increased to 30 h. The average porosity of the coating sprayed at 550 °C was the lowest (0.85%). The as-sprayed coatings exhibited the same phase compositions with the mixture powders. The coating sprayed at gas temperature of 550 °C has the highest microhardness and the lowest weight loss. Ti-Al intermetallic was in-situ synthesized after annealing at 650 °C. The average porosity of the annealed coating (sprayed at 450 °C) was the lowest. The content of Ti-Al intermetallic compounds of the annealed coating sprayed at 450 °C is the highest. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis results are consistent with the EDS analysis of the annealed coatings after annealing at 650 °C. Ti-Al intermetallic compounds were almost completely formed in the three kinds of the coatings after annealing at 650 °C for 20 h and following holding at 1100 °C for 3 h. TiAl and TiAl<sub>3</sub> intermetallic phases were in-situ synthesized in the coatings based on the energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and XRD analysis. TiC was also in situ synthesized in the coatings as the annealing temperature increased to 1100 °C. The annealed coating (sprayed at 450 °C) has the highest microhardness, fracture toughness, and wear resistance properties after annealing at 1100 °C for 3 h. |
topic |
cold spraying TiAl microstructure microhardness fracture toughness abrasive wear |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6412/11/9/1034 |
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