Genetic diversity of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes from two Scandinavian countries: Denmark and Sweden
Echinococcus multilocularis is an endemic parasite of red foxes in several European countries. This parasite has been present for decades in central Europe i.e. Switzerland, Eastern France, Southern Germany and Austria, which constitute the core endemic area of Europe. In the Scandinavian countries...
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doaj-98ab677291ea4c3ab248f0f1064a88132020-11-25T02:07:53ZengElsevierFood and Waterborne Parasitology2405-67662019-03-0114Genetic diversity of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes from two Scandinavian countries: Denmark and SwedenJenny Knapp0Gérald Umhang1Helene Wahlström2Mohammad Nafi Solaiman Al-Sabi3Erik O. Ågren4Heidi Larsen Enemark5Department of Chrono-environnement, UMR UFC/CNRS 6249 aff. INRA, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, FranceANSES, Nancy Laboratory for Rabies and Wildlife, Wildlife Surveillance and Eco-epidemiology Unit, Technopôle Agricole et Vétérinaire, B.P. 40009, 54220 Malzéville, FranceNational Veterinary Institute, SE-75189 Uppsala, SwedenNational Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Bülowsvej 27, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Queen Alia Airport St. 594, P.O. Box 130, 11733 Amman, JordanNational Veterinary Institute, SE-75189 Uppsala, SwedenNational Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Bülowsvej 27, 1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark; Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Department of Animal Health and Food Safety, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, NO-0106 Oslo, Norway; Corresponding author at: Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Department of Animal Health and Food Safety, P.O. Box 750 Sentrum, NO-0106 Oslo, NorwayEchinococcus multilocularis is an endemic parasite of red foxes in several European countries. This parasite has been present for decades in central Europe i.e. Switzerland, Eastern France, Southern Germany and Austria, which constitute the core endemic area of Europe. In the Scandinavian countries Sweden and Denmark, several recent findings were made in foxes. To better understand the dynamics and geographic spread of E. multilocularis in Europe, genetic studies have been undertaken using the DNA microsatellite marker EmsB. In Europe, the parasite spread in hitherto non-endemic areas was suspected to take place after founder events, in which the core endemic area presents a wider genetic diversity in comparison to newly endemic areas. However, identical parasite profiles can be shared between them, highlighting the parasite spreading in a mainland-island system. In this study, Swedish (27 adult worms from seven red foxes) and Danish (38 adult worms from nine red foxes) isolates were examined using fragment size analyses of the tandemly repeated microsatellite EmsB in order to compare the genetic profiles of the Scandinavian worms with a reference collection of European worm isolates from seven countries. Six EmsB profiles were detected in the Scandinavian panel. Three profiles were described in Denmark and four in Sweden. Only one of these profiles was detected in both countries. All profiles identified in the present study have previously been found in other European countries, suggesting an epidemiological link. Due to the relatively low number of Scandinavian E. multilocularis isolates analysed so far, firm conclusions cannot be made regarding the true genetic diversity. Nevertheless, the low genetic variation detected in Sweden and Denmark in this study is similar to the values obtained from peripheral areas of the main European endemic focus, which were more recently colonized by E. multilocularis; and continuous surveillance of this parasite is warranted to provide further insight into its epidemiology in Scandinavia. Keywords: Echinococcus multilocularis, Scandinavian isolates, Genetic diversity, EmsB microsatellitehttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676618300477 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jenny Knapp Gérald Umhang Helene Wahlström Mohammad Nafi Solaiman Al-Sabi Erik O. Ågren Heidi Larsen Enemark |
spellingShingle |
Jenny Knapp Gérald Umhang Helene Wahlström Mohammad Nafi Solaiman Al-Sabi Erik O. Ågren Heidi Larsen Enemark Genetic diversity of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes from two Scandinavian countries: Denmark and Sweden Food and Waterborne Parasitology |
author_facet |
Jenny Knapp Gérald Umhang Helene Wahlström Mohammad Nafi Solaiman Al-Sabi Erik O. Ågren Heidi Larsen Enemark |
author_sort |
Jenny Knapp |
title |
Genetic diversity of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes from two Scandinavian countries: Denmark and Sweden |
title_short |
Genetic diversity of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes from two Scandinavian countries: Denmark and Sweden |
title_full |
Genetic diversity of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes from two Scandinavian countries: Denmark and Sweden |
title_fullStr |
Genetic diversity of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes from two Scandinavian countries: Denmark and Sweden |
title_full_unstemmed |
Genetic diversity of Echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes from two Scandinavian countries: Denmark and Sweden |
title_sort |
genetic diversity of echinococcus multilocularis in red foxes from two scandinavian countries: denmark and sweden |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Food and Waterborne Parasitology |
issn |
2405-6766 |
publishDate |
2019-03-01 |
description |
Echinococcus multilocularis is an endemic parasite of red foxes in several European countries. This parasite has been present for decades in central Europe i.e. Switzerland, Eastern France, Southern Germany and Austria, which constitute the core endemic area of Europe. In the Scandinavian countries Sweden and Denmark, several recent findings were made in foxes. To better understand the dynamics and geographic spread of E. multilocularis in Europe, genetic studies have been undertaken using the DNA microsatellite marker EmsB. In Europe, the parasite spread in hitherto non-endemic areas was suspected to take place after founder events, in which the core endemic area presents a wider genetic diversity in comparison to newly endemic areas. However, identical parasite profiles can be shared between them, highlighting the parasite spreading in a mainland-island system. In this study, Swedish (27 adult worms from seven red foxes) and Danish (38 adult worms from nine red foxes) isolates were examined using fragment size analyses of the tandemly repeated microsatellite EmsB in order to compare the genetic profiles of the Scandinavian worms with a reference collection of European worm isolates from seven countries. Six EmsB profiles were detected in the Scandinavian panel. Three profiles were described in Denmark and four in Sweden. Only one of these profiles was detected in both countries. All profiles identified in the present study have previously been found in other European countries, suggesting an epidemiological link. Due to the relatively low number of Scandinavian E. multilocularis isolates analysed so far, firm conclusions cannot be made regarding the true genetic diversity. Nevertheless, the low genetic variation detected in Sweden and Denmark in this study is similar to the values obtained from peripheral areas of the main European endemic focus, which were more recently colonized by E. multilocularis; and continuous surveillance of this parasite is warranted to provide further insight into its epidemiology in Scandinavia. Keywords: Echinococcus multilocularis, Scandinavian isolates, Genetic diversity, EmsB microsatellite |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405676618300477 |
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