Screening and Characterization of Two Extracellular Polysaccharide-Producing Bacteria from the Biocrust of the Mu Us Desert
The extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) matrix embedding microbial cells and soil particles plays an important role in the development of biological soil crusts (BSCs), which is widely recognized as beneficial to soil fertility in dryland worldwide. This study examined the EPS-producing bacterial str...
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doaj-9921a096a3f94ea6b449ece78e05904f2021-09-26T00:46:10ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-09-01265521552110.3390/molecules26185521Screening and Characterization of Two Extracellular Polysaccharide-Producing Bacteria from the Biocrust of the Mu Us DesertZhanfang Xue0Shuting Zhao1Nomin Bold2Jianguo Zhang3Zhimin Hu4Xiaofeng Hu5Ying Gao6Shaolin Chen7Yahong Wei8Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, ChinaMinistry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and the Agri-Environment in Northwest China, College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, ChinaThe Department of Next-Generation Sequencing, Shanghai Personal Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200030, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Biomass Energy Center for Arid and Semi-Arid Lands, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, ChinaThe extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) matrix embedding microbial cells and soil particles plays an important role in the development of biological soil crusts (BSCs), which is widely recognized as beneficial to soil fertility in dryland worldwide. This study examined the EPS-producing bacterial strains YL24-1 and YL24-3 isolated from sandy soil in the Mu Us Desert in Yulin, Shaanxi province, China. The strains YL24-1 and YL24-3 were able to efficiently produce EPS; the levels of EPS were determined to be 257.22 μg/mL and 83.41 μg/mL in cultures grown for 72 h and were identified as <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> and <i>Pedobacter</i> sp., respectively. When the strain YL24-3 was compared to <i>Pedobacter yulinensis</i> YL28-9<sup>T</sup> using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the resemblance was 98.6% and the strain was classified as <i>Pedobacter</i> sp. using physiological and biochemical analysis. Furthermore, strain YL24-3 was also identified as a subspecies of <i>Pedobacter yulinensis</i> YL28-9<sup>T</sup> on the basis of DNA–DNA hybridization and polar lipid analysis compared with YL28-9<sup>T</sup>. On the basis of the EPS-related genes of relevant strains in the GenBank, several EPS-related genes were cloned and sequenced in the strain YL24-1, including those potentially involved in EPS synthesis, assembly, transport, and secretion. Given the differences of the strains in EPS production, it is possible that the differences in gene sequences result in variations in the enzyme/protein activities for EPS biosynthesis, assembly, transport, and secretion. The results provide preliminary evidence of various contributions of bacterial strains to the formation of EPS matrix in the Mu Us Desert.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/18/5521extracellular polysaccharideMu Us Desertbiocrustbacterial polyphase classification |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Zhanfang Xue Shuting Zhao Nomin Bold Jianguo Zhang Zhimin Hu Xiaofeng Hu Ying Gao Shaolin Chen Yahong Wei |
spellingShingle |
Zhanfang Xue Shuting Zhao Nomin Bold Jianguo Zhang Zhimin Hu Xiaofeng Hu Ying Gao Shaolin Chen Yahong Wei Screening and Characterization of Two Extracellular Polysaccharide-Producing Bacteria from the Biocrust of the Mu Us Desert Molecules extracellular polysaccharide Mu Us Desert biocrust bacterial polyphase classification |
author_facet |
Zhanfang Xue Shuting Zhao Nomin Bold Jianguo Zhang Zhimin Hu Xiaofeng Hu Ying Gao Shaolin Chen Yahong Wei |
author_sort |
Zhanfang Xue |
title |
Screening and Characterization of Two Extracellular Polysaccharide-Producing Bacteria from the Biocrust of the Mu Us Desert |
title_short |
Screening and Characterization of Two Extracellular Polysaccharide-Producing Bacteria from the Biocrust of the Mu Us Desert |
title_full |
Screening and Characterization of Two Extracellular Polysaccharide-Producing Bacteria from the Biocrust of the Mu Us Desert |
title_fullStr |
Screening and Characterization of Two Extracellular Polysaccharide-Producing Bacteria from the Biocrust of the Mu Us Desert |
title_full_unstemmed |
Screening and Characterization of Two Extracellular Polysaccharide-Producing Bacteria from the Biocrust of the Mu Us Desert |
title_sort |
screening and characterization of two extracellular polysaccharide-producing bacteria from the biocrust of the mu us desert |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Molecules |
issn |
1420-3049 |
publishDate |
2021-09-01 |
description |
The extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) matrix embedding microbial cells and soil particles plays an important role in the development of biological soil crusts (BSCs), which is widely recognized as beneficial to soil fertility in dryland worldwide. This study examined the EPS-producing bacterial strains YL24-1 and YL24-3 isolated from sandy soil in the Mu Us Desert in Yulin, Shaanxi province, China. The strains YL24-1 and YL24-3 were able to efficiently produce EPS; the levels of EPS were determined to be 257.22 μg/mL and 83.41 μg/mL in cultures grown for 72 h and were identified as <i>Sinorhizobium meliloti</i> and <i>Pedobacter</i> sp., respectively. When the strain YL24-3 was compared to <i>Pedobacter yulinensis</i> YL28-9<sup>T</sup> using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the resemblance was 98.6% and the strain was classified as <i>Pedobacter</i> sp. using physiological and biochemical analysis. Furthermore, strain YL24-3 was also identified as a subspecies of <i>Pedobacter yulinensis</i> YL28-9<sup>T</sup> on the basis of DNA–DNA hybridization and polar lipid analysis compared with YL28-9<sup>T</sup>. On the basis of the EPS-related genes of relevant strains in the GenBank, several EPS-related genes were cloned and sequenced in the strain YL24-1, including those potentially involved in EPS synthesis, assembly, transport, and secretion. Given the differences of the strains in EPS production, it is possible that the differences in gene sequences result in variations in the enzyme/protein activities for EPS biosynthesis, assembly, transport, and secretion. The results provide preliminary evidence of various contributions of bacterial strains to the formation of EPS matrix in the Mu Us Desert. |
topic |
extracellular polysaccharide Mu Us Desert biocrust bacterial polyphase classification |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/18/5521 |
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