Integrated Bioinformatics Analysis Reveals Marker Genes and Potential Therapeutic Targets for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

• Main Authors: Aoqi Li, Jin He, Zhe Zhang, Sibo Jiang, Yun Gao, Yuchun Pan, Huanan Wang, Lenan Zhuang
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2021-08-01
• Series: Genes
• Subjects: WGCNA; pulmonary arterial hypertension; hub genes
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4425/12/9/1339

Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare cardiovascular disease with very high mortality rate. The currently available therapeutic strategies, which improve symptoms, cannot fundamentally reverse the condition. Thus, new therapeutic strategies need to be established. Our research analyzed three microarray datasets of lung tissues from human PAH samples retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. We combined two datasets for subsequent analyses, with the batch effects removed. In the merged dataset, 542 DEGs were identified and the key module relevant to PAH was selected using WGCNA. GO and KEGG analyses of DEGs and the key module indicated that the pre-ribosome, ribosome biogenesis, centriole, ATPase activity, helicase activity, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, melanoma, and dilated cardiomyopathy pathways are involved in PAH. With the filtering standard (|MM| > 0.95 and |GS| > 0.90), 70 hub genes were identified. Subsequently, five candidate marker genes (<i>CDC5L</i>, <i>AP3B1</i>, <i>ZFYVE16</i>, <i>DDX46</i>, and <i>PHAX</i>) in the key module were found through overlapping with the top thirty genes calculated by two different methods in CytoHubb. Two of them (<i>CDC5L</i> and <i>DDX46</i>) were found to be significantly upregulated both in the merged dataset and the validating dataset in PAH patients. Meanwhile, expression of the selected genes in lung from PAH chicken measured by qRT-PCR and the ROC curve analyses further verified the potential marker genes’ predictive value for PAH. In conclusion, <i>CDC5L</i> and <i>DDX46</i> may be marker genes and potential therapeutic targets for PAH.