| Summary: | Yi-Xuan Liao,1,2 Xiao-Hua Wang,3 Yu Bai,1 Fan Lin,1 Min-Xia Li,1 Wen-Jun Mi,1 Wan-Lu Sun,1 Ya-Hong Chen1 1Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology; Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Radiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Ya-Hong ChenDepartment of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49, Huayuan bei Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 139 10232918Email chenyahong@vip.sina.comObjective: To explore the relationship between endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) indexes in pulmonary vascular remodeling.Methods: A total of 94 stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients were recruited for the study．Plasma H2S levels were measured using fluorescence probe. Fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to measure H2S synthase cystathionine-γ-lyase (CSE) mRNA and cystathionine-β-synthesis enzyme (CBS) mRNA. The main pulmonary artery diameter (mPAD), axial diagonal mPAD, coronal mPAD, sagittal mPAD, right pulmonary artery diameter (RPAD), left pulmonary artery diameter (LPAD), and ascending aortic diameter (AAD) and the percentage of total cross-sectional area of vessels less than 5 mm2 of total lung area (%CSA < 5) on HRCT were measured. Pulmonary arterial systolic pressure (PASP) of echocardiography, blood gas analysis, and routine blood tests were performed. Correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression were performed using SPSS 22.0.Results: H2S was negatively correlated with mPAD, axial diagonal mPAD, and sagittal mPAD (r = − 0.25∼− 0.32) and positively correlated with PaO2 (r = 0.35). Relative expression of CSE mRNA was positively correlated with PASP, coronal mPAD, sagittal mPAD, white blood cell count (WBC), and neutrophil count (N) (r = 0.30∼ 0.44). The relative expression of CBS mRNA was positively correlated with PASP, WBC, and N (r = 0.34∼ 0.41). In separate models predicting pulmonary vascular indexes, a 1μmol/L increase in H2S predicted lower pulmonary artery diameter (for axial diagonal mPAD, 0.76mm lower; for mPAD/AAD, 0.68mm lower). All P values were less than 0.05.Conclusion: Endogenous H2S may be involved in pulmonary vascular remodeling, providing a new method for the diagnosis and treatment of COPD. The generation of H2S may be inhibited by hypoxia, inflammation, etc.Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, vascular remodeling, pulmonary hypertension, multidetector computed tomography
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