| Summary: | In many cases the term „biodiversity“ is used in a very simplistic way: a “more” of species or genetical variations is undifferentiatedly judged as positive. In consequence, in the political conversion a topping of the landscape with as much structural elements as possible is regarded as the way for a most efficient enhancement of biodiversity. This paper shows that beside quantity (maximum no. of species) also the quality (enhancement of habitat specialists) is of significant importance, that in certain regions even agricultural areas poor in structural elements are able to promote qualitative biodiversity and that even areas under plough deliver their contribution to save biodiversity of rural landscapes. Biotic indicators on the basis of invertebrates to evaluate the quality of arable land are demonstrated and perspectives and limitations of their application shown including examples for the application of surrogate indicators. Finally, it is demonstrated that even in the well investigated agro-ecosystems remain significant deficiencies regarding the assessment and knowledge of certain zoological which have to be solved in order to enable us for a sound and profound evaluation of “biodiversity”.
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