Predominance of Leishmania major and rare occurrence of Leishmania tropica with haplotype variability at the center of Iran
Background: Leishmania major is a causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in the center of Iran, Abarkouh district. Molecular characterization and precise incrimination of Leishmania species was carried out to perform controlling measurements and to design treatment programs for zoonotic...
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doaj-9a820af4feee49fe9bdec59909c7a0c52020-11-25T03:02:17ZengElsevierBrazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases1413-86702018-07-01224278287Predominance of Leishmania major and rare occurrence of Leishmania tropica with haplotype variability at the center of IranAmir Hossein Zahirnia0Ali Bordbar1Sahar Ebrahimi2Adel Spotin3Somayeh Mohammadi4Seyedeh Maryam Ghafari5Setareh Ahmadvand6Negar Jabbari7Ahmad Reza Esmaeili Rastaghi8Parviz Parvizi9Pasteur Institute of Iran, Parasitology Department, Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Tehran, Iran; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Department of Medical Entomology, Hamadan, IranPasteur Institute of Iran, Parasitology Department, Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Tehran, IranPasteur Institute of Iran, Parasitology Department, Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Tehran, IranTabriz University of Medical Sciences, Immunology Research Center, Tabriz, IranPasteur Institute of Iran, Parasitology Department, Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Tehran, IranPasteur Institute of Iran, Parasitology Department, Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Tehran, IranPasteur Institute of Iran, Parasitology Department, Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Tehran, IranPasteur Institute of Iran, Parasitology Department, Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Tehran, IranPasteur Institute of Iran, Parasitology Department, Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Tehran, IranPasteur Institute of Iran, Parasitology Department, Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Tehran, Iran; Corresponding author.Background: Leishmania major is a causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in the center of Iran, Abarkouh district. Molecular characterization and precise incrimination of Leishmania species was carried out to perform controlling measurements and to design treatment programs for zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. Methods: All smears isolated from ulcers of suspected patients were examined under a light microscope and graded for amastigotes frequency. Extraction of DNA, PCR, RFLP and sequencing of ITS-rDNA genotype were done to increase the efficacy of Leishmania parasites identification at their species-specific level and to detect any Leishmania infections within. Results: Humans were found to be infected with L. major with high infection frequency and also Leishmania tropica was identified with low occurrence for the first time as non-native species using molecular analyses. The rates of infections was considerable with microscopic observation (n = 65, 73%) out of 89 smears prepared from suspected patients. Molecular analyses showed that the density of L. major was significantly higher (n = 48, 53.93%) than L. tropica (n = 4, 4.49%) (Mann–Whitney U test: p < 0.05) and two samples (2.25%) remained ambiguous after several sequencing. L. major did not have diversity with two common haplotypes but L. tropica were found to exhibit high diversity with three novel haplotypes. Conclusion: L. major was considered the causative agent of leishmaniasis in the region, but the identification of a non-native L. tropica revealed the importance of further isolation of Leishmania parasites following molecular analyses and confirmation, and also revealed the importance of further isolation of Leishmania parasites from patients of the field areas who do not have easily access to health care centers for specialized treatment strategies. Keywords: Leishmaniasis, Leishmania major, Leishmania tropica, Nuclear gene, Iranhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867018301739 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Amir Hossein Zahirnia Ali Bordbar Sahar Ebrahimi Adel Spotin Somayeh Mohammadi Seyedeh Maryam Ghafari Setareh Ahmadvand Negar Jabbari Ahmad Reza Esmaeili Rastaghi Parviz Parvizi |
spellingShingle |
Amir Hossein Zahirnia Ali Bordbar Sahar Ebrahimi Adel Spotin Somayeh Mohammadi Seyedeh Maryam Ghafari Setareh Ahmadvand Negar Jabbari Ahmad Reza Esmaeili Rastaghi Parviz Parvizi Predominance of Leishmania major and rare occurrence of Leishmania tropica with haplotype variability at the center of Iran Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases |
author_facet |
Amir Hossein Zahirnia Ali Bordbar Sahar Ebrahimi Adel Spotin Somayeh Mohammadi Seyedeh Maryam Ghafari Setareh Ahmadvand Negar Jabbari Ahmad Reza Esmaeili Rastaghi Parviz Parvizi |
author_sort |
Amir Hossein Zahirnia |
title |
Predominance of Leishmania major and rare occurrence of Leishmania tropica with haplotype variability at the center of Iran |
title_short |
Predominance of Leishmania major and rare occurrence of Leishmania tropica with haplotype variability at the center of Iran |
title_full |
Predominance of Leishmania major and rare occurrence of Leishmania tropica with haplotype variability at the center of Iran |
title_fullStr |
Predominance of Leishmania major and rare occurrence of Leishmania tropica with haplotype variability at the center of Iran |
title_full_unstemmed |
Predominance of Leishmania major and rare occurrence of Leishmania tropica with haplotype variability at the center of Iran |
title_sort |
predominance of leishmania major and rare occurrence of leishmania tropica with haplotype variability at the center of iran |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Brazilian Journal of Infectious Diseases |
issn |
1413-8670 |
publishDate |
2018-07-01 |
description |
Background: Leishmania major is a causative agent of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in the center of Iran, Abarkouh district. Molecular characterization and precise incrimination of Leishmania species was carried out to perform controlling measurements and to design treatment programs for zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. Methods: All smears isolated from ulcers of suspected patients were examined under a light microscope and graded for amastigotes frequency. Extraction of DNA, PCR, RFLP and sequencing of ITS-rDNA genotype were done to increase the efficacy of Leishmania parasites identification at their species-specific level and to detect any Leishmania infections within. Results: Humans were found to be infected with L. major with high infection frequency and also Leishmania tropica was identified with low occurrence for the first time as non-native species using molecular analyses. The rates of infections was considerable with microscopic observation (n = 65, 73%) out of 89 smears prepared from suspected patients. Molecular analyses showed that the density of L. major was significantly higher (n = 48, 53.93%) than L. tropica (n = 4, 4.49%) (Mann–Whitney U test: p < 0.05) and two samples (2.25%) remained ambiguous after several sequencing. L. major did not have diversity with two common haplotypes but L. tropica were found to exhibit high diversity with three novel haplotypes. Conclusion: L. major was considered the causative agent of leishmaniasis in the region, but the identification of a non-native L. tropica revealed the importance of further isolation of Leishmania parasites following molecular analyses and confirmation, and also revealed the importance of further isolation of Leishmania parasites from patients of the field areas who do not have easily access to health care centers for specialized treatment strategies. Keywords: Leishmaniasis, Leishmania major, Leishmania tropica, Nuclear gene, Iran |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413867018301739 |
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