Decreased Thrombospondin-1 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 Serum Levels as Potential Indices of Advanced Stage Lung Cancer
Introduction: Lung cancer belongs to the most common carcinoma worldwide and is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is extracellular signaling molecule involved in many important processes, including cell proliferation and mobility, apoptosis and angiogene...
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doaj-9a99e9e289d6448d9e6b0091276eab472021-09-09T13:49:29ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832021-08-01103859385910.3390/jcm10173859Decreased Thrombospondin-1 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 Serum Levels as Potential Indices of Advanced Stage Lung CancerMonika Kosacka0Tomasz Dyła1Monika Chaszczewska-Markowska2Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik3Anna Brzecka4Department of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 53439 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 53439 Wroclaw, PolandLaboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53114 Wroclaw, PolandLaboratory of Clinical Immunogenetics and Pharmacogenetics, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences, 53114 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Pulmonology and Lung Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 53439 Wroclaw, PolandIntroduction: Lung cancer belongs to the most common carcinoma worldwide and is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is extracellular signaling molecule involved in many important processes, including cell proliferation and mobility, apoptosis and angiogenesis. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) belongs to the extracellular matrix proteins. It participates in the cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions and thus plays important role in tumor microenvironment for cancer development and metastasis formation. Aim: To investigate serum levels of TSP-1 and BMP-4 together with BMP-4 polymorphism in lung cancer patients. Material and Methods: A total of 111 patients (76 men) with newly diagnosed lung cancer, including 102 patients with non-small cell lung cancer and 9 patients with small-cell lung cancer. Advanced stage of lung cancer was diagnosed in 99 (89%) of patients: stage IV—in 48, stage IIIB—in 33, stage IIIA—in 18 patients; there were six patients with stage II and six patients with stage I. The control group consisted of 61 healthy persons. In all the subjects, serum levels of BMP-4 and TSP-1 were measured by ELISA. With a Real-Time PCR system genotyping of BMP-4 was performed. Results: BMP-4 and TSP-1 serum levels were significantly lower in the patients with lung cancer than in the controls (TSP-1:10,109.2 ± 9581 ng/mL vs. 11,415.09 ± 9781 ng/mL, <i>p</i> < 0.05; BMP-4: 138.35 ± 62.59 pg/mL vs. 226.68 ± 135.86 pg/mL <i>p</i> < 0.001). In lung cancer patients TSP-1 levels were lower in advanced stages (9282.07 ± 4900.78 ng/mL in the stages III-IV vs. 16,933.60 ± 6299.02 ng/mL in the stages I-II, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and in the patients with than without lymph nodes involvement (10,000.13 ± 9021.41 ng/mL vs. 18,497.75 ± 12,548.25 ng/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.01). There was no correlation between TSP-1 and BMP-4 serum levels. BMP-4 gene polymorphism did not influence the results of the study. Conclusion: Decreased levels of TSP-1 and BMP-4 may serve as potential indices of lung cancer, with additional importance of low TSP-1 level as a marker of advanced stage of the disease.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/17/3859lung cancerbiomarkersthrombospondin-1bone morphogenetic protein-4 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Monika Kosacka Tomasz Dyła Monika Chaszczewska-Markowska Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik Anna Brzecka |
spellingShingle |
Monika Kosacka Tomasz Dyła Monika Chaszczewska-Markowska Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik Anna Brzecka Decreased Thrombospondin-1 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 Serum Levels as Potential Indices of Advanced Stage Lung Cancer Journal of Clinical Medicine lung cancer biomarkers thrombospondin-1 bone morphogenetic protein-4 |
author_facet |
Monika Kosacka Tomasz Dyła Monika Chaszczewska-Markowska Katarzyna Bogunia-Kubik Anna Brzecka |
author_sort |
Monika Kosacka |
title |
Decreased Thrombospondin-1 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 Serum Levels as Potential Indices of Advanced Stage Lung Cancer |
title_short |
Decreased Thrombospondin-1 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 Serum Levels as Potential Indices of Advanced Stage Lung Cancer |
title_full |
Decreased Thrombospondin-1 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 Serum Levels as Potential Indices of Advanced Stage Lung Cancer |
title_fullStr |
Decreased Thrombospondin-1 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 Serum Levels as Potential Indices of Advanced Stage Lung Cancer |
title_full_unstemmed |
Decreased Thrombospondin-1 and Bone Morphogenetic Protein-4 Serum Levels as Potential Indices of Advanced Stage Lung Cancer |
title_sort |
decreased thrombospondin-1 and bone morphogenetic protein-4 serum levels as potential indices of advanced stage lung cancer |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Journal of Clinical Medicine |
issn |
2077-0383 |
publishDate |
2021-08-01 |
description |
Introduction: Lung cancer belongs to the most common carcinoma worldwide and is the leading cause of cancer-related death. Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) is extracellular signaling molecule involved in many important processes, including cell proliferation and mobility, apoptosis and angiogenesis. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) belongs to the extracellular matrix proteins. It participates in the cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix interactions and thus plays important role in tumor microenvironment for cancer development and metastasis formation. Aim: To investigate serum levels of TSP-1 and BMP-4 together with BMP-4 polymorphism in lung cancer patients. Material and Methods: A total of 111 patients (76 men) with newly diagnosed lung cancer, including 102 patients with non-small cell lung cancer and 9 patients with small-cell lung cancer. Advanced stage of lung cancer was diagnosed in 99 (89%) of patients: stage IV—in 48, stage IIIB—in 33, stage IIIA—in 18 patients; there were six patients with stage II and six patients with stage I. The control group consisted of 61 healthy persons. In all the subjects, serum levels of BMP-4 and TSP-1 were measured by ELISA. With a Real-Time PCR system genotyping of BMP-4 was performed. Results: BMP-4 and TSP-1 serum levels were significantly lower in the patients with lung cancer than in the controls (TSP-1:10,109.2 ± 9581 ng/mL vs. 11,415.09 ± 9781 ng/mL, <i>p</i> < 0.05; BMP-4: 138.35 ± 62.59 pg/mL vs. 226.68 ± 135.86 pg/mL <i>p</i> < 0.001). In lung cancer patients TSP-1 levels were lower in advanced stages (9282.07 ± 4900.78 ng/mL in the stages III-IV vs. 16,933.60 ± 6299.02 ng/mL in the stages I-II, <i>p</i> < 0.05) and in the patients with than without lymph nodes involvement (10,000.13 ± 9021.41 ng/mL vs. 18,497.75 ± 12,548.25 ng/mL, <i>p</i> = 0.01). There was no correlation between TSP-1 and BMP-4 serum levels. BMP-4 gene polymorphism did not influence the results of the study. Conclusion: Decreased levels of TSP-1 and BMP-4 may serve as potential indices of lung cancer, with additional importance of low TSP-1 level as a marker of advanced stage of the disease. |
topic |
lung cancer biomarkers thrombospondin-1 bone morphogenetic protein-4 |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/17/3859 |
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