Preventive Metformin Monotherapy Medication Prescription, Redemption and Socioeconomic Status in Hungary in 2018–2019: A Cross-Sectional Study
This study was designed to characterize the spatial distribution of metformin medication used as first-line monotherapy for prevention of T2DM in relationship with the socioeconomic status (level of deprivation) and T2DM mortality at district level in a nationwide cross-sectional ecological study fo...
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doaj-9aaddc1d447f46ce8dd40694156d79232021-02-25T00:00:11ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1661-78271660-46012021-02-01182206220610.3390/ijerph18052206Preventive Metformin Monotherapy Medication Prescription, Redemption and Socioeconomic Status in Hungary in 2018–2019: A Cross-Sectional StudyCsilla Nagy0Attila Juhász1Péter Pikó2Judit Diószegi3György Paragh4Zoltán Szabó5Orsolya Varga6Róza Ádány7Public Health Administration Service of Government Office of Capital City Budapest, 1138 Budapest, HungaryPublic Health Administration Service of Government Office of Capital City Budapest, 1138 Budapest, HungaryMTA-DE-Public Health Research Group, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, HungaryMTA-DE-Public Health Research Group, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, HungaryInstitute of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4032 Debrecen, HungaryDepartment of Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, HungaryMTA-DE-Public Health Research Group, University of Debrecen, 4028 Debrecen, HungaryThis study was designed to characterize the spatial distribution of metformin medication used as first-line monotherapy for prevention of T2DM in relationship with the socioeconomic status (level of deprivation) and T2DM mortality at district level in a nationwide cross-sectional ecological study for the first time in a European country, Hungary. Risk analysis was used to estimate the relationships between socioeconomic status, characterized by tertiles of deprivation index, and mortality caused by diabetes, and metformin medication (both prescription and redemption) for the years of 2018 and 2019 at the district level. The spatial distribution of districts with a higher relative frequency of metformin prescriptions and redemptions showed a positive correlation with socio-economic deprivation. Significant association between the relatively high T2DM mortality and the highest level of deprivation could also be detected, but less-deprived regions with high T2DM mortality and low metformin utilization could also be identified. Although the statistical associations detected in this ecological study do not indicate a causal relationship, it is reasonable to suppose that the underuse of metformin medication may contribute to the unfavourable T2DM mortality in certain regions. Our findings underline the need for more effective preventive services including metformin medication to decrease T2DM morbidity and mortality burden.https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/5/2206socioeconomic statusmetforminredemption ratepreventive medication |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Csilla Nagy Attila Juhász Péter Pikó Judit Diószegi György Paragh Zoltán Szabó Orsolya Varga Róza Ádány |
spellingShingle |
Csilla Nagy Attila Juhász Péter Pikó Judit Diószegi György Paragh Zoltán Szabó Orsolya Varga Róza Ádány Preventive Metformin Monotherapy Medication Prescription, Redemption and Socioeconomic Status in Hungary in 2018–2019: A Cross-Sectional Study International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health socioeconomic status metformin redemption rate preventive medication |
author_facet |
Csilla Nagy Attila Juhász Péter Pikó Judit Diószegi György Paragh Zoltán Szabó Orsolya Varga Róza Ádány |
author_sort |
Csilla Nagy |
title |
Preventive Metformin Monotherapy Medication Prescription, Redemption and Socioeconomic Status in Hungary in 2018–2019: A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_short |
Preventive Metformin Monotherapy Medication Prescription, Redemption and Socioeconomic Status in Hungary in 2018–2019: A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_full |
Preventive Metformin Monotherapy Medication Prescription, Redemption and Socioeconomic Status in Hungary in 2018–2019: A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_fullStr |
Preventive Metformin Monotherapy Medication Prescription, Redemption and Socioeconomic Status in Hungary in 2018–2019: A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_full_unstemmed |
Preventive Metformin Monotherapy Medication Prescription, Redemption and Socioeconomic Status in Hungary in 2018–2019: A Cross-Sectional Study |
title_sort |
preventive metformin monotherapy medication prescription, redemption and socioeconomic status in hungary in 2018–2019: a cross-sectional study |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1661-7827 1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2021-02-01 |
description |
This study was designed to characterize the spatial distribution of metformin medication used as first-line monotherapy for prevention of T2DM in relationship with the socioeconomic status (level of deprivation) and T2DM mortality at district level in a nationwide cross-sectional ecological study for the first time in a European country, Hungary. Risk analysis was used to estimate the relationships between socioeconomic status, characterized by tertiles of deprivation index, and mortality caused by diabetes, and metformin medication (both prescription and redemption) for the years of 2018 and 2019 at the district level. The spatial distribution of districts with a higher relative frequency of metformin prescriptions and redemptions showed a positive correlation with socio-economic deprivation. Significant association between the relatively high T2DM mortality and the highest level of deprivation could also be detected, but less-deprived regions with high T2DM mortality and low metformin utilization could also be identified. Although the statistical associations detected in this ecological study do not indicate a causal relationship, it is reasonable to suppose that the underuse of metformin medication may contribute to the unfavourable T2DM mortality in certain regions. Our findings underline the need for more effective preventive services including metformin medication to decrease T2DM morbidity and mortality burden. |
topic |
socioeconomic status metformin redemption rate preventive medication |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/5/2206 |
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