Molecular evidence of hybridization between pig and human Ascaris indicates an interbred species complex infecting humans
Human ascariasis is a major neglected tropical disease caused by the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides. We report a 296 megabase (Mb) reference-quality genome comprised of 17,902 protein-coding genes derived from a single, representative Ascaris worm. An additional 68 worms were collected from 60 human...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
2020-11-01
|
| Series: | eLife |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://elifesciences.org/articles/61562 |
| id |
doaj-9b8812e5f2d5494187a78b77e4e2b000 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
Article |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
English |
| format |
Article |
| sources |
DOAJ |
| author |
Alice Easton Shenghan Gao Scott P Lawton Sasisekhar Bennuru Asis Khan Eric Dahlstrom Rita G Oliveira Stella Kepha Stephen F Porcella Joanne Webster Roy Anderson Michael E Grigg Richard E Davis Jianbin Wang Thomas B Nutman |
| spellingShingle |
Alice Easton Shenghan Gao Scott P Lawton Sasisekhar Bennuru Asis Khan Eric Dahlstrom Rita G Oliveira Stella Kepha Stephen F Porcella Joanne Webster Roy Anderson Michael E Grigg Richard E Davis Jianbin Wang Thomas B Nutman Molecular evidence of hybridization between pig and human Ascaris indicates an interbred species complex infecting humans eLife Ascaris lumbricoides Ascaris suum reference genome Phylogenetics species complex zoonoses |
| author_facet |
Alice Easton Shenghan Gao Scott P Lawton Sasisekhar Bennuru Asis Khan Eric Dahlstrom Rita G Oliveira Stella Kepha Stephen F Porcella Joanne Webster Roy Anderson Michael E Grigg Richard E Davis Jianbin Wang Thomas B Nutman |
| author_sort |
Alice Easton |
| title |
Molecular evidence of hybridization between pig and human Ascaris indicates an interbred species complex infecting humans |
| title_short |
Molecular evidence of hybridization between pig and human Ascaris indicates an interbred species complex infecting humans |
| title_full |
Molecular evidence of hybridization between pig and human Ascaris indicates an interbred species complex infecting humans |
| title_fullStr |
Molecular evidence of hybridization between pig and human Ascaris indicates an interbred species complex infecting humans |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Molecular evidence of hybridization between pig and human Ascaris indicates an interbred species complex infecting humans |
| title_sort |
molecular evidence of hybridization between pig and human ascaris indicates an interbred species complex infecting humans |
| publisher |
eLife Sciences Publications Ltd |
| series |
eLife |
| issn |
2050-084X |
| publishDate |
2020-11-01 |
| description |
Human ascariasis is a major neglected tropical disease caused by the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides. We report a 296 megabase (Mb) reference-quality genome comprised of 17,902 protein-coding genes derived from a single, representative Ascaris worm. An additional 68 worms were collected from 60 human hosts in Kenyan villages where pig husbandry is rare. Notably, the majority of these worms (63/68) possessed mitochondrial genomes that clustered closer to the pig parasite Ascaris suum than to A. lumbricoides. Comparative phylogenomic analyses identified over 11 million nuclear-encoded SNPs but just two distinct genetic types that had recombined across the genomes analyzed. The nuclear genomes had extensive heterozygosity, and all samples existed as genetic mosaics with either A. suum-like or A. lumbricoides-like inheritance patterns supporting a highly interbred Ascaris species genetic complex. As no barriers appear to exist for anthroponotic transmission of these ‘hybrid’ worms, a one-health approach to control the spread of human ascariasis will be necessary. |
| topic |
Ascaris lumbricoides Ascaris suum reference genome Phylogenetics species complex zoonoses |
| url |
https://elifesciences.org/articles/61562 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT aliceeaston molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT shenghangao molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT scottplawton molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT sasisekharbennuru molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT asiskhan molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT ericdahlstrom molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT ritagoliveira molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT stellakepha molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT stephenfporcella molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT joannewebster molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT royanderson molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT michaelegrigg molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT richardedavis molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT jianbinwang molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans AT thomasbnutman molecularevidenceofhybridizationbetweenpigandhumanascarisindicatesaninterbredspeciescomplexinfectinghumans |
| _version_ |
1721457896533786624 |
| spelling |
doaj-9b8812e5f2d5494187a78b77e4e2b0002021-05-05T21:41:24ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2020-11-01910.7554/eLife.61562Molecular evidence of hybridization between pig and human Ascaris indicates an interbred species complex infecting humansAlice Easton0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4476-9415Shenghan Gao1Scott P Lawton2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4055-6524Sasisekhar Bennuru3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6117-742XAsis Khan4Eric Dahlstrom5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9333-3060Rita G Oliveira6Stella Kepha7Stephen F Porcella8Joanne Webster9Roy Anderson10Michael E Grigg11Richard E Davis12https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2242-3234Jianbin Wang13https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3155-894XThomas B Nutman14https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6887-4941Helminth Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States; Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, ChinaEpidemiology Research Unit (ERU) Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Northern Faculty, Scotland’s Rural College (SRUC), Inverness, United KingdomHelminth Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United StatesMolecular Parasitology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United StatesGenomics Unit, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, United StatesDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomLondon School of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, London, United KingdomGenomics Unit, Research Technologies Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, United StatesDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Department of Pathobiology and Population Sciences, Hertfordshire, United KingdomDepartment of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Imperial College London, London, United KingdomMolecular Parasitology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United StatesDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United StatesDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, RNA Bioscience Initiative, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, United StatesHelminth Immunology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United StatesHuman ascariasis is a major neglected tropical disease caused by the nematode Ascaris lumbricoides. We report a 296 megabase (Mb) reference-quality genome comprised of 17,902 protein-coding genes derived from a single, representative Ascaris worm. An additional 68 worms were collected from 60 human hosts in Kenyan villages where pig husbandry is rare. Notably, the majority of these worms (63/68) possessed mitochondrial genomes that clustered closer to the pig parasite Ascaris suum than to A. lumbricoides. Comparative phylogenomic analyses identified over 11 million nuclear-encoded SNPs but just two distinct genetic types that had recombined across the genomes analyzed. The nuclear genomes had extensive heterozygosity, and all samples existed as genetic mosaics with either A. suum-like or A. lumbricoides-like inheritance patterns supporting a highly interbred Ascaris species genetic complex. As no barriers appear to exist for anthroponotic transmission of these ‘hybrid’ worms, a one-health approach to control the spread of human ascariasis will be necessary.https://elifesciences.org/articles/61562Ascaris lumbricoidesAscaris suumreference genomePhylogeneticsspecies complexzoonoses |