Occurrence of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from Harvesting Areas and Other Natural Spaces in Spain
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin that is receiving increasing interest in the European Union because it has been found in different fishery products (fish, bivalves and gastropods) captured in European waters. Since available information is scarce, further analytical data regarding the inci...
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doaj-9cedeedf35814377a6b903342a7f80f22020-11-24T22:01:18ZengMDPI AGToxins2072-66512019-06-0111633110.3390/toxins11060331toxins11060331Occurrence of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from Harvesting Areas and Other Natural Spaces in SpainLucía Blanco0Jorge Lago1Virginia González2Beatriz Paz3Maria Rambla-Alegre4Ana G. Cabado5ANFACO-CECOPESCA, Campus University 16, 36310 Vigo PO, SpainANFACO-CECOPESCA, Campus University 16, 36310 Vigo PO, SpainANFACO-CECOPESCA, Campus University 16, 36310 Vigo PO, SpainANFACO-CECOPESCA, Campus University 16, 36310 Vigo PO, SpainIRTA, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology. Ctra. Poble Nou km 5.5, 43540 San Carles de la Ràpita, Tarragona, SpainANFACO-CECOPESCA, Campus University 16, 36310 Vigo PO, SpainTetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin that is receiving increasing interest in the European Union because it has been found in different fishery products (fish, bivalves and gastropods) captured in European waters. Since available information is scarce, further analytical data regarding the incidence of this toxin in European fishery products is needed in order to perform an appropriate risk assessment devoted to protecting consumers’ health. Hence, samples of bivalves and gastropods were collected at different points of the Spanish coast and analyzed by high-performance hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) to evaluate the presence of TTX. None of the analyzed samples showed TTX above an internal threshold of 10 µg/kg or even showed a peak under it. Our results on TTX occurrence obtained in bivalve molluscs and gastropods did not show, at least in the studied areas, a risk for public health. However, taking into account previous positive results obtained by other research groups, and since we did not detect TTX in our samples, a more completed study increasing sampling frequency is needed to ensure proper risk evaluation towards the food safety of these products.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/6/331tetrodotoxinbivalvesgastropodsrisk evaluationLC-MS/MS |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lucía Blanco Jorge Lago Virginia González Beatriz Paz Maria Rambla-Alegre Ana G. Cabado |
spellingShingle |
Lucía Blanco Jorge Lago Virginia González Beatriz Paz Maria Rambla-Alegre Ana G. Cabado Occurrence of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from Harvesting Areas and Other Natural Spaces in Spain Toxins tetrodotoxin bivalves gastropods risk evaluation LC-MS/MS |
author_facet |
Lucía Blanco Jorge Lago Virginia González Beatriz Paz Maria Rambla-Alegre Ana G. Cabado |
author_sort |
Lucía Blanco |
title |
Occurrence of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from Harvesting Areas and Other Natural Spaces in Spain |
title_short |
Occurrence of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from Harvesting Areas and Other Natural Spaces in Spain |
title_full |
Occurrence of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from Harvesting Areas and Other Natural Spaces in Spain |
title_fullStr |
Occurrence of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from Harvesting Areas and Other Natural Spaces in Spain |
title_full_unstemmed |
Occurrence of Tetrodotoxin in Bivalves and Gastropods from Harvesting Areas and Other Natural Spaces in Spain |
title_sort |
occurrence of tetrodotoxin in bivalves and gastropods from harvesting areas and other natural spaces in spain |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Toxins |
issn |
2072-6651 |
publishDate |
2019-06-01 |
description |
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin that is receiving increasing interest in the European Union because it has been found in different fishery products (fish, bivalves and gastropods) captured in European waters. Since available information is scarce, further analytical data regarding the incidence of this toxin in European fishery products is needed in order to perform an appropriate risk assessment devoted to protecting consumers’ health. Hence, samples of bivalves and gastropods were collected at different points of the Spanish coast and analyzed by high-performance hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS) to evaluate the presence of TTX. None of the analyzed samples showed TTX above an internal threshold of 10 µg/kg or even showed a peak under it. Our results on TTX occurrence obtained in bivalve molluscs and gastropods did not show, at least in the studied areas, a risk for public health. However, taking into account previous positive results obtained by other research groups, and since we did not detect TTX in our samples, a more completed study increasing sampling frequency is needed to ensure proper risk evaluation towards the food safety of these products. |
topic |
tetrodotoxin bivalves gastropods risk evaluation LC-MS/MS |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6651/11/6/331 |
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