Cigarette Smoking and Electronic Cigarettes Use: A Meta-Analysis

• Main Authors: Meng Wang, Jian-Wei Wang, Shuang-Shuang Cao, Hui-Qin Wang, Ru-Ying Hu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2016-01-01
• Series: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
• Subjects: cigarette smoking; electronic cigarette; meta-analysis
• Online Access: http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/13/1/120

Increasing evidence indicates that cigarette smoking is a strong predictor of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) use, particularly in adolescents, yet the effects has not be systematically reviewed and quantified. Relevant studies were retrieved by searching three databases up to June 2015. The meta-analysis results were presented as pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) calculated by a random-effects model. Current smokers were more likely to use e-cigarette currently (OR: 14.89, 95% CI: 7.70–28.78) and the probability was greater in adolescents than in adults (39.13 vs. 7.51). The probability of ever e-cigarettes use was significantly increased in smokers (OR: 14.67, 95% CI: 11.04–19.49). Compared with ever smokers and adults, the probabilities were much greater in current smokers (16.10 vs. 9.47) and adolescents (15.19 vs. 14.30), respectively. Cigarette smoking increases the probability of e-cigarettes use, especially in current smokers and adolescents.