Occurrence of and human exposure to benzothiazoles and benzotriazoles in mollusks in the Bohai Sea, China
The Bohai Sea is a semi-enclosed sea in northern China with highly industrialized and urbanized coastal areas and concomitant environmental degradation. Benzothiazoles (BTHs) and benzotriazoles (BTRs) are produced in high volume and widely applied in industrial and consumer products, and little is k...
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doaj-9e5494114c374d30b7f785cda96858eb2020-11-25T01:23:07ZengElsevierEnvironment International0160-41202019-09-01130Occurrence of and human exposure to benzothiazoles and benzotriazoles in mollusks in the Bohai Sea, ChinaJiabao Jia0Qingqing Zhu1Na Liu2Chunyang Liao3Guibin Jiang4State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; Corresponding author at: State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaThe Bohai Sea is a semi-enclosed sea in northern China with highly industrialized and urbanized coastal areas and concomitant environmental degradation. Benzothiazoles (BTHs) and benzotriazoles (BTRs) are produced in high volume and widely applied in industrial and consumer products, and little is known about their occurrence and bioaccumulation in coastal marine invertebrates. We determined the concentrations of six BTH and five BTR analogues in mollusks (n = 166) collected from the Bohai Sea between 2006-2014. The total concentrations of BTHs were 229-13800 ng/g dry weight (dw) with a geometric mean of 778 ng/g dw and 7.19-322 ng/g dw for BTRs with a geometric mean of 54.6 ng/g dw. Benzothiazole (BTH) was the dominant compound among the BTHs, accounting for 83.0 % of the total concentration. Among the BTRs, 5,6-dimethyl-1-H-benzotriazole (XTR), 5-methyl-1-H-benzotriazole (5-Me-1-H-BTR), and benzotriazole (1-H-BTR) were major contributors, cumulatively accounting for 78.5 % of the total concentration. Mollusks accumulated elevated levels of BTHs/BTRs regardless of species, suggesting a considerable bioaccumulation potential of BTHs/BTRs in marine ecosystems. Human daily dietary intake of BTHs/BTRs through the consumption of mollusks was estimated based on the concentrations measured. This is the first report on the occurrence and distribution patterns of BTHs/BTRs in a variety of marine invertebrate species from a coastal ecosystem. Keywords: Benzothiazoles, Benzotriazoles, Mollusk, Bohai Sea, Distribution, Human exposurehttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019312437 |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jiabao Jia Qingqing Zhu Na Liu Chunyang Liao Guibin Jiang |
spellingShingle |
Jiabao Jia Qingqing Zhu Na Liu Chunyang Liao Guibin Jiang Occurrence of and human exposure to benzothiazoles and benzotriazoles in mollusks in the Bohai Sea, China Environment International |
author_facet |
Jiabao Jia Qingqing Zhu Na Liu Chunyang Liao Guibin Jiang |
author_sort |
Jiabao Jia |
title |
Occurrence of and human exposure to benzothiazoles and benzotriazoles in mollusks in the Bohai Sea, China |
title_short |
Occurrence of and human exposure to benzothiazoles and benzotriazoles in mollusks in the Bohai Sea, China |
title_full |
Occurrence of and human exposure to benzothiazoles and benzotriazoles in mollusks in the Bohai Sea, China |
title_fullStr |
Occurrence of and human exposure to benzothiazoles and benzotriazoles in mollusks in the Bohai Sea, China |
title_full_unstemmed |
Occurrence of and human exposure to benzothiazoles and benzotriazoles in mollusks in the Bohai Sea, China |
title_sort |
occurrence of and human exposure to benzothiazoles and benzotriazoles in mollusks in the bohai sea, china |
publisher |
Elsevier |
series |
Environment International |
issn |
0160-4120 |
publishDate |
2019-09-01 |
description |
The Bohai Sea is a semi-enclosed sea in northern China with highly industrialized and urbanized coastal areas and concomitant environmental degradation. Benzothiazoles (BTHs) and benzotriazoles (BTRs) are produced in high volume and widely applied in industrial and consumer products, and little is known about their occurrence and bioaccumulation in coastal marine invertebrates. We determined the concentrations of six BTH and five BTR analogues in mollusks (n = 166) collected from the Bohai Sea between 2006-2014. The total concentrations of BTHs were 229-13800 ng/g dry weight (dw) with a geometric mean of 778 ng/g dw and 7.19-322 ng/g dw for BTRs with a geometric mean of 54.6 ng/g dw. Benzothiazole (BTH) was the dominant compound among the BTHs, accounting for 83.0 % of the total concentration. Among the BTRs, 5,6-dimethyl-1-H-benzotriazole (XTR), 5-methyl-1-H-benzotriazole (5-Me-1-H-BTR), and benzotriazole (1-H-BTR) were major contributors, cumulatively accounting for 78.5 % of the total concentration. Mollusks accumulated elevated levels of BTHs/BTRs regardless of species, suggesting a considerable bioaccumulation potential of BTHs/BTRs in marine ecosystems. Human daily dietary intake of BTHs/BTRs through the consumption of mollusks was estimated based on the concentrations measured. This is the first report on the occurrence and distribution patterns of BTHs/BTRs in a variety of marine invertebrate species from a coastal ecosystem. Keywords: Benzothiazoles, Benzotriazoles, Mollusk, Bohai Sea, Distribution, Human exposure |
url |
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412019312437 |
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