Monitoring Wood Degradation during Weathering by Cellulose Crystallinity
The degree of crystallinity of cellulose was used for assessing the degradation level of coated and uncoated samples of pine wood after weathering. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy measured the changes in the surface crystallinity of cellulose resulting fro...
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doaj-9ecfdac9483a4aa991150f32a7e7d3f32020-11-25T00:49:15ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442012-10-015101910192210.3390/ma5101910Monitoring Wood Degradation during Weathering by Cellulose CrystallinityAlfonso MaffezzoliGiuseppe VasapolloDonato CannolettaRoberta Del SoleFrancesca LionettoThe degree of crystallinity of cellulose was used for assessing the degradation level of coated and uncoated samples of pine wood after weathering. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy measured the changes in the surface crystallinity of cellulose resulting from weathering, both natural and artificial. Both techniques revealed an increase in the crystallinity index (CI) of cellulose when wood was subjected to weathering. An increase in the size of crystallites was also observed by XRD measurements. These results were related to the reduction of the amorphous fractions of wood, and, consequently, to the enrichment of the relative crystalline content. Thanks to FT-IR analysis, the degradation of hemicellulose was observed for uncoated samples after exposure to artificial weathering. The effect of weathering was less evident on coated samples because of the protective action of the coating. A good correlation between the crystallinity indexes obtained from FT-IR and XRD was found. The experimental results proved that the proposed method may be a very useful tool for a rapid and accurate estimation of the degradation level of wood exposed to weathering. This methodology can find application in the field of conservation and restoration of wooden objects or in the industry of wood coatings.http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/5/10/1910crystallinitypine woodX-ray diffraction (XRD)Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR)outdoor weatheringwood coatingslignincellulosewood degradation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Alfonso Maffezzoli Giuseppe Vasapollo Donato Cannoletta Roberta Del Sole Francesca Lionetto |
spellingShingle |
Alfonso Maffezzoli Giuseppe Vasapollo Donato Cannoletta Roberta Del Sole Francesca Lionetto Monitoring Wood Degradation during Weathering by Cellulose Crystallinity Materials crystallinity pine wood X-ray diffraction (XRD) Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) outdoor weathering wood coatings lignin cellulose wood degradation |
author_facet |
Alfonso Maffezzoli Giuseppe Vasapollo Donato Cannoletta Roberta Del Sole Francesca Lionetto |
author_sort |
Alfonso Maffezzoli |
title |
Monitoring Wood Degradation during Weathering by Cellulose Crystallinity |
title_short |
Monitoring Wood Degradation during Weathering by Cellulose Crystallinity |
title_full |
Monitoring Wood Degradation during Weathering by Cellulose Crystallinity |
title_fullStr |
Monitoring Wood Degradation during Weathering by Cellulose Crystallinity |
title_full_unstemmed |
Monitoring Wood Degradation during Weathering by Cellulose Crystallinity |
title_sort |
monitoring wood degradation during weathering by cellulose crystallinity |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Materials |
issn |
1996-1944 |
publishDate |
2012-10-01 |
description |
The degree of crystallinity of cellulose was used for assessing the degradation level of coated and uncoated samples of pine wood after weathering. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy measured the changes in the surface crystallinity of cellulose resulting from weathering, both natural and artificial. Both techniques revealed an increase in the crystallinity index (CI) of cellulose when wood was subjected to weathering. An increase in the size of crystallites was also observed by XRD measurements. These results were related to the reduction of the amorphous fractions of wood, and, consequently, to the enrichment of the relative crystalline content. Thanks to FT-IR analysis, the degradation of hemicellulose was observed for uncoated samples after exposure to artificial weathering. The effect of weathering was less evident on coated samples because of the protective action of the coating. A good correlation between the crystallinity indexes obtained from FT-IR and XRD was found. The experimental results proved that the proposed method may be a very useful tool for a rapid and accurate estimation of the degradation level of wood exposed to weathering. This methodology can find application in the field of conservation and restoration of wooden objects or in the industry of wood coatings. |
topic |
crystallinity pine wood X-ray diffraction (XRD) Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) outdoor weathering wood coatings lignin cellulose wood degradation |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/5/10/1910 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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