Serotyping of Toxoplasma gondii Infection Using Peptide Membrane Arrays
The intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii can cause chronic infections in most warm-blooded animals, including humans. In the USA, strains belonging to four different Toxoplasma clonal lineages (types 1, 2, 3, and 12) are commonly isolated, whereas strains not belonging to these lineages are pred...
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doaj-9fda1a87222b482cb0dcda83d9e6f4132020-11-25T01:46:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882019-11-01910.3389/fcimb.2019.00408498085Serotyping of Toxoplasma gondii Infection Using Peptide Membrane ArraysDavid Arranz-Solís0Cynthia Cordeiro1Cynthia Cordeiro2Lucy H. Young3Marie Laure Dardé4Alessandra G. Commodaro5Michael E. Grigg6Jeroen P. J. Saeij7Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United StatesDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United StatesBiology Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, United StatesDepartment of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, MA, United StatesFaculty of Medicine, Parasitologie-Mycologie, UMR INSERM 1094, National Reference Center and Biological Resource Center for Toxoplasmosis, CHU Dupuytren 2, Limoges, FranceMolecular Parasitology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United StatesMolecular Parasitology Section, Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United StatesDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United StatesThe intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii can cause chronic infections in most warm-blooded animals, including humans. In the USA, strains belonging to four different Toxoplasma clonal lineages (types 1, 2, 3, and 12) are commonly isolated, whereas strains not belonging to these lineages are predominant in other continents such as South America. Strain type plays a pivotal role in determining the severity of Toxoplasma infection. Therefore, it is epidemiologically relevant to develop a non-invasive and inexpensive method for determining the strain type in Toxoplasma infections and to correlate the genotype with disease outcome. Serological typing is based on the fact that many host antibodies are raised against immunodominant parasite proteins that are highly polymorphic between strains. However, current serological assays can only reliably distinguish type 2 from non-type 2 infections. To improve these assays, mouse, rabbit, and human infection serum were reacted against 950 peptides from 62 different polymorphic Toxoplasma proteins by using cellulose membrane peptide arrays. This allowed us to identify the most antigenic peptides and to pinpoint the most relevant polymorphisms that determine strain specificity. Our results confirm the utility of previously described peptides and identify novel peptides that improve and increase the specificity of the assay. In addition, a large number of novel proteins showed potential to be used for Toxoplasma diagnosis. Among these, peptides derived from several rhoptry, dense granule, and surface proteins represented promising candidates that may be used in future experiments to improve Toxoplasma serotyping. Moreover, a redesigned version of the published GRA7 typing peptide performed better and specifically distinguished type 3 from non-type 3 infections in sera from mice, rabbits, and humans.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2019.00408/fullToxoplasmaserotypingstrain typedense granulepeptidemicroarrays |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
David Arranz-Solís Cynthia Cordeiro Cynthia Cordeiro Lucy H. Young Marie Laure Dardé Alessandra G. Commodaro Michael E. Grigg Jeroen P. J. Saeij |
spellingShingle |
David Arranz-Solís Cynthia Cordeiro Cynthia Cordeiro Lucy H. Young Marie Laure Dardé Alessandra G. Commodaro Michael E. Grigg Jeroen P. J. Saeij Serotyping of Toxoplasma gondii Infection Using Peptide Membrane Arrays Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Toxoplasma serotyping strain type dense granule peptide microarrays |
author_facet |
David Arranz-Solís Cynthia Cordeiro Cynthia Cordeiro Lucy H. Young Marie Laure Dardé Alessandra G. Commodaro Michael E. Grigg Jeroen P. J. Saeij |
author_sort |
David Arranz-Solís |
title |
Serotyping of Toxoplasma gondii Infection Using Peptide Membrane Arrays |
title_short |
Serotyping of Toxoplasma gondii Infection Using Peptide Membrane Arrays |
title_full |
Serotyping of Toxoplasma gondii Infection Using Peptide Membrane Arrays |
title_fullStr |
Serotyping of Toxoplasma gondii Infection Using Peptide Membrane Arrays |
title_full_unstemmed |
Serotyping of Toxoplasma gondii Infection Using Peptide Membrane Arrays |
title_sort |
serotyping of toxoplasma gondii infection using peptide membrane arrays |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
issn |
2235-2988 |
publishDate |
2019-11-01 |
description |
The intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii can cause chronic infections in most warm-blooded animals, including humans. In the USA, strains belonging to four different Toxoplasma clonal lineages (types 1, 2, 3, and 12) are commonly isolated, whereas strains not belonging to these lineages are predominant in other continents such as South America. Strain type plays a pivotal role in determining the severity of Toxoplasma infection. Therefore, it is epidemiologically relevant to develop a non-invasive and inexpensive method for determining the strain type in Toxoplasma infections and to correlate the genotype with disease outcome. Serological typing is based on the fact that many host antibodies are raised against immunodominant parasite proteins that are highly polymorphic between strains. However, current serological assays can only reliably distinguish type 2 from non-type 2 infections. To improve these assays, mouse, rabbit, and human infection serum were reacted against 950 peptides from 62 different polymorphic Toxoplasma proteins by using cellulose membrane peptide arrays. This allowed us to identify the most antigenic peptides and to pinpoint the most relevant polymorphisms that determine strain specificity. Our results confirm the utility of previously described peptides and identify novel peptides that improve and increase the specificity of the assay. In addition, a large number of novel proteins showed potential to be used for Toxoplasma diagnosis. Among these, peptides derived from several rhoptry, dense granule, and surface proteins represented promising candidates that may be used in future experiments to improve Toxoplasma serotyping. Moreover, a redesigned version of the published GRA7 typing peptide performed better and specifically distinguished type 3 from non-type 3 infections in sera from mice, rabbits, and humans. |
topic |
Toxoplasma serotyping strain type dense granule peptide microarrays |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2019.00408/full |
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