Evaluation of periodontal condition and risk in patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis

• Main Authors: Yeon Jung Kim, Luciana Martins de Moura, Christiane Peres Caldas, Caroline Perozini, Gilson Fernandes Ruivo, Debora Pallos
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Instituto Israelita de Ensino e Pesquisa Albert Einstein
• Series: Einstein (São Paulo)
• Subjects: Periodontal diseases; Risk; Renal insufficiency, chronic; Renal dialysis
• Online Access: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1679-45082017000200173&lng=en&tlng=en

ABSTRACT Objective To establish a profile of periodontal conditions in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis and their periodontal risk. Methods We included 115 patients on hemodialysis. Clinical periodontal parameters assessed were: plaque index, gingival index, probing depth and clinical attachment level. Patients were classified according to presence/absence and severity of periodontal disease and periodontal risk. Results In 107 dentate patients (93%) the plaque index was 1.53±0.78, the gingival index was 0.95±0.85, the probing depth was 2.2±0.6mm and the clinical attachment level was 3.18±1.75mm. We observed that 1 patient (0.94%) did not have periodontal disease, 55 patients (51.40%) had slight, 28 (26.17%) moderate and 23 (21.49%) severe periodontal disease. Among 107 patients, 37 (34.58%) had low risk, 35 (32.71%) moderate risk and 35 (32.71%) high risk. Patients with severe periodontal disease showed 104.5 more chance of high risk compared with low risk individuals (odds ratio: 104.5; 95%CI: 10.7-1017.2; p<0.0001). Conclusion Most of patients with chronic renal disease presented periodontal disease, indicating the presence of chronic inflammatory and infection process that may influence in systemic conditions. A prevention and interventionist approach in this population is needed, especially to emphasize the importance of oral health. The periodontal risk assessment is a useful tool to create individualized periodontal therapies and to improve general health condition.