Facile and Robust Solvothermal Synthesis of Nanocrystalline CuInS2 Thin Films
This work demonstrates that the solvothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline CuInS2 thin films using the amino acid l-cysteine as sulfur source is facile and robust against variation of reaction time and temperature. Synthesis was carried out in a reaction time range of 3–48 h (at 150 &de...
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doaj-a0a1411e47c0405d92fd25808326cd5a2020-11-25T00:26:35ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912018-06-018640510.3390/nano8060405nano8060405Facile and Robust Solvothermal Synthesis of Nanocrystalline CuInS2 Thin FilmsAnna Frank0Jan Grunwald1Benjamin Breitbach2Christina Scheu3Max-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, GermanyLudwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstraße 5-11, 81377 Munich, GermanyMax-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, GermanyMax-Planck-Institut für Eisenforschung GmbH, Max-Planck-Straße 1, 40237 Düsseldorf, GermanyThis work demonstrates that the solvothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline CuInS2 thin films using the amino acid l-cysteine as sulfur source is facile and robust against variation of reaction time and temperature. Synthesis was carried out in a reaction time range of 3–48 h (at 150 °C) and a reaction temperature range of 100–190 °C (for 18 h). It was found that at least a time of 6 h and a temperature of 140 °C is needed to produce pure nanocrystalline CuInS2 thin films as proven by X-ray and electron diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Using UV-vis spectroscopy, a good absorption behavior as well as direct band gaps between 1.46 and 1.55 eV have been determined for all grown films. Only for a reaction time of 3 h and temperatures below 140 °C CuInS2 is not formed. This is attributed to the formation of metal ion complexes with l-cysteine and the overall slow assembly of CuInS2. This study reveals that the reaction parameters can be chosen relatively free; the reaction is completely nontoxic and precursors and solvents are rather cheap, which makes this synthesis route interesting for industrial up scaling.http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/6/405solvothermal synthesisCuInS2TEM |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Anna Frank Jan Grunwald Benjamin Breitbach Christina Scheu |
spellingShingle |
Anna Frank Jan Grunwald Benjamin Breitbach Christina Scheu Facile and Robust Solvothermal Synthesis of Nanocrystalline CuInS2 Thin Films Nanomaterials solvothermal synthesis CuInS2 TEM |
author_facet |
Anna Frank Jan Grunwald Benjamin Breitbach Christina Scheu |
author_sort |
Anna Frank |
title |
Facile and Robust Solvothermal Synthesis of Nanocrystalline CuInS2 Thin Films |
title_short |
Facile and Robust Solvothermal Synthesis of Nanocrystalline CuInS2 Thin Films |
title_full |
Facile and Robust Solvothermal Synthesis of Nanocrystalline CuInS2 Thin Films |
title_fullStr |
Facile and Robust Solvothermal Synthesis of Nanocrystalline CuInS2 Thin Films |
title_full_unstemmed |
Facile and Robust Solvothermal Synthesis of Nanocrystalline CuInS2 Thin Films |
title_sort |
facile and robust solvothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline cuins2 thin films |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nanomaterials |
issn |
2079-4991 |
publishDate |
2018-06-01 |
description |
This work demonstrates that the solvothermal synthesis of nanocrystalline CuInS2 thin films using the amino acid l-cysteine as sulfur source is facile and robust against variation of reaction time and temperature. Synthesis was carried out in a reaction time range of 3–48 h (at 150 °C) and a reaction temperature range of 100–190 °C (for 18 h). It was found that at least a time of 6 h and a temperature of 140 °C is needed to produce pure nanocrystalline CuInS2 thin films as proven by X-ray and electron diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Using UV-vis spectroscopy, a good absorption behavior as well as direct band gaps between 1.46 and 1.55 eV have been determined for all grown films. Only for a reaction time of 3 h and temperatures below 140 °C CuInS2 is not formed. This is attributed to the formation of metal ion complexes with l-cysteine and the overall slow assembly of CuInS2. This study reveals that the reaction parameters can be chosen relatively free; the reaction is completely nontoxic and precursors and solvents are rather cheap, which makes this synthesis route interesting for industrial up scaling. |
topic |
solvothermal synthesis CuInS2 TEM |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/8/6/405 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT annafrank facileandrobustsolvothermalsynthesisofnanocrystallinecuins2thinfilms AT jangrunwald facileandrobustsolvothermalsynthesisofnanocrystallinecuins2thinfilms AT benjaminbreitbach facileandrobustsolvothermalsynthesisofnanocrystallinecuins2thinfilms AT christinascheu facileandrobustsolvothermalsynthesisofnanocrystallinecuins2thinfilms |
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