Development of an Indirect ELISA to Detect Equine Antibodies to <i>Theileria haneyi</i>
The apicomplexan parasite <i>Theileria haneyi</i> is one of two known causative agents of equine theileriosis. It causes milder clinical disease than its more virulent counterpart, <i>Theileria equi</i>, in experimentally infected horses, and can superinfect <i>T. equi&...
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doaj-a0bb11887a5f43368f2deb37de77cb352021-02-28T00:01:42ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-02-011027027010.3390/pathogens10030270Development of an Indirect ELISA to Detect Equine Antibodies to <i>Theileria haneyi</i> Reginaldo G. Bastos0Kelly P. Sears1Kelcey D. Dinkel2Lowell Kappmeyer3Massaro W. Ueti4Donald P. Knowles5Lindsay M. Fry6Department of Veterinary Microbiology & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USADepartment of Veterinary Microbiology & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USADepartment of Veterinary Microbiology & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USAAnimal Disease Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Pullman, WA 99164, USADepartment of Veterinary Microbiology & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USADepartment of Veterinary Microbiology & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USADepartment of Veterinary Microbiology & Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USAThe apicomplexan parasite <i>Theileria haneyi</i> is one of two known causative agents of equine theileriosis. It causes milder clinical disease than its more virulent counterpart, <i>Theileria equi</i>, in experimentally infected horses, and can superinfect <i>T. equi</i>-positive horses. The current equi merozoite antigen 1 (EMA1)-based competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)used in the U.S. to detect equine theileriosis detects <i>T. equi</i> but not <i>T. haneyi</i>, and the complexity of molecular assays precludes widespread use for epidemiologic studies. In order to facilitate urgently needed studies on the prevalence of <i>T. haneyi</i>, the goal of this study was to develop a sensitive and specific serologic assay for the diagnosis of <i>T. haneyi</i> based on the equi merozoite antigen 11 (<i>Th</i>EMA11). To achieve this objective, <i>Th</i>EMA11 was recombinantly expressed in eukaryotic cells and its antigenicity assessed using sera from <i>T. haneyi</i>-experimentally infected horses. Confirmation of sera reactivity enabled design and optimization of an indirect ELISA. Specificity of the ELISA for <i>T. haneyi</i> was assessed using a cohort of sera from horses experimentally infected and confirmed PCR-positive for either <i>T. equi</i> or <i>T. haneyi</i>. Data from field samples further demonstrate that the <i>Th</i>EMA11 ELISA is capable of identifying <i>T. haneyi</i> antibodies in horses from multiple continents around the world.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/3/270equine theileriosis<i>Theileria haneyi</i>enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), serology |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Reginaldo G. Bastos Kelly P. Sears Kelcey D. Dinkel Lowell Kappmeyer Massaro W. Ueti Donald P. Knowles Lindsay M. Fry |
spellingShingle |
Reginaldo G. Bastos Kelly P. Sears Kelcey D. Dinkel Lowell Kappmeyer Massaro W. Ueti Donald P. Knowles Lindsay M. Fry Development of an Indirect ELISA to Detect Equine Antibodies to <i>Theileria haneyi</i> Pathogens equine theileriosis <i>Theileria haneyi</i> enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), serology |
author_facet |
Reginaldo G. Bastos Kelly P. Sears Kelcey D. Dinkel Lowell Kappmeyer Massaro W. Ueti Donald P. Knowles Lindsay M. Fry |
author_sort |
Reginaldo G. Bastos |
title |
Development of an Indirect ELISA to Detect Equine Antibodies to <i>Theileria haneyi</i> |
title_short |
Development of an Indirect ELISA to Detect Equine Antibodies to <i>Theileria haneyi</i> |
title_full |
Development of an Indirect ELISA to Detect Equine Antibodies to <i>Theileria haneyi</i> |
title_fullStr |
Development of an Indirect ELISA to Detect Equine Antibodies to <i>Theileria haneyi</i> |
title_full_unstemmed |
Development of an Indirect ELISA to Detect Equine Antibodies to <i>Theileria haneyi</i> |
title_sort |
development of an indirect elisa to detect equine antibodies to <i>theileria haneyi</i> |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Pathogens |
issn |
2076-0817 |
publishDate |
2021-02-01 |
description |
The apicomplexan parasite <i>Theileria haneyi</i> is one of two known causative agents of equine theileriosis. It causes milder clinical disease than its more virulent counterpart, <i>Theileria equi</i>, in experimentally infected horses, and can superinfect <i>T. equi</i>-positive horses. The current equi merozoite antigen 1 (EMA1)-based competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)used in the U.S. to detect equine theileriosis detects <i>T. equi</i> but not <i>T. haneyi</i>, and the complexity of molecular assays precludes widespread use for epidemiologic studies. In order to facilitate urgently needed studies on the prevalence of <i>T. haneyi</i>, the goal of this study was to develop a sensitive and specific serologic assay for the diagnosis of <i>T. haneyi</i> based on the equi merozoite antigen 11 (<i>Th</i>EMA11). To achieve this objective, <i>Th</i>EMA11 was recombinantly expressed in eukaryotic cells and its antigenicity assessed using sera from <i>T. haneyi</i>-experimentally infected horses. Confirmation of sera reactivity enabled design and optimization of an indirect ELISA. Specificity of the ELISA for <i>T. haneyi</i> was assessed using a cohort of sera from horses experimentally infected and confirmed PCR-positive for either <i>T. equi</i> or <i>T. haneyi</i>. Data from field samples further demonstrate that the <i>Th</i>EMA11 ELISA is capable of identifying <i>T. haneyi</i> antibodies in horses from multiple continents around the world. |
topic |
equine theileriosis <i>Theileria haneyi</i> enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), serology |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/3/270 |
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