Modeling Water-Induced Base Particle Migration in Loaded Granular Filters Using Discrete Element Method
Results are reported from a series of filtration tests simulated using coupled computational fluid dynamics and the discrete element method (CCFD-DEM) to investigate the factors controlling the mechanism of base particle erosion and their subsequent capture in loaded granular filters. Apart from geo...
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doaj-a0ce63133ab74ade9e0b0cdec983077d2021-07-23T14:12:16ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412021-07-01131976197610.3390/w13141976Modeling Water-Induced Base Particle Migration in Loaded Granular Filters Using Discrete Element MethodGang Zhang0Jahanzaib Israr1Wenguo Ma2Hongyu Wang3School of Civil and Hydraulics Engineering, University of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, ChinaInstitue of Solid Mechanics, School of Physics and Elecronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, ChinaInstitue of Solid Mechanics, School of Physics and Elecronic-Electrical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, ChinaSchool of Civil and Hydraulics Engineering, University of Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, ChinaResults are reported from a series of filtration tests simulated using coupled computational fluid dynamics and the discrete element method (CCFD-DEM) to investigate the factors controlling the mechanism of base particle erosion and their subsequent capture in loaded granular filters. Apart from geometrical factors such as particle and void sizes, the filter effectiveness was found to be controlled by the magnitudes of the hydraulic gradients and the effective stresses. The results of numerical simulations revealed that the base soils exhibit significant stress reduction that reduces further due to seepage, and the base particles migrate into the filter, bearing very low effective stresses (i.e., localized piping in base soil). Based on the limit equilibrium of hydraulic and mechanical constraints, a linear hydromechanical model has been proposed that governs the migration and capture of base particles in the filter (i.e., filter effectiveness avoiding piping) for cases simulated in this study. Nevertheless, the proposed model agrees closely with the simulation results of this study and those adopted from other published works, thereby showing a reasonable possibility of using the proposed model as a measure of retention capacity of loaded protective filters.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/14/1976granular filterseffective stressesfilter effectivenessparticle erosion |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Gang Zhang Jahanzaib Israr Wenguo Ma Hongyu Wang |
spellingShingle |
Gang Zhang Jahanzaib Israr Wenguo Ma Hongyu Wang Modeling Water-Induced Base Particle Migration in Loaded Granular Filters Using Discrete Element Method Water granular filters effective stresses filter effectiveness particle erosion |
author_facet |
Gang Zhang Jahanzaib Israr Wenguo Ma Hongyu Wang |
author_sort |
Gang Zhang |
title |
Modeling Water-Induced Base Particle Migration in Loaded Granular Filters Using Discrete Element Method |
title_short |
Modeling Water-Induced Base Particle Migration in Loaded Granular Filters Using Discrete Element Method |
title_full |
Modeling Water-Induced Base Particle Migration in Loaded Granular Filters Using Discrete Element Method |
title_fullStr |
Modeling Water-Induced Base Particle Migration in Loaded Granular Filters Using Discrete Element Method |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modeling Water-Induced Base Particle Migration in Loaded Granular Filters Using Discrete Element Method |
title_sort |
modeling water-induced base particle migration in loaded granular filters using discrete element method |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Water |
issn |
2073-4441 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
Results are reported from a series of filtration tests simulated using coupled computational fluid dynamics and the discrete element method (CCFD-DEM) to investigate the factors controlling the mechanism of base particle erosion and their subsequent capture in loaded granular filters. Apart from geometrical factors such as particle and void sizes, the filter effectiveness was found to be controlled by the magnitudes of the hydraulic gradients and the effective stresses. The results of numerical simulations revealed that the base soils exhibit significant stress reduction that reduces further due to seepage, and the base particles migrate into the filter, bearing very low effective stresses (i.e., localized piping in base soil). Based on the limit equilibrium of hydraulic and mechanical constraints, a linear hydromechanical model has been proposed that governs the migration and capture of base particles in the filter (i.e., filter effectiveness avoiding piping) for cases simulated in this study. Nevertheless, the proposed model agrees closely with the simulation results of this study and those adopted from other published works, thereby showing a reasonable possibility of using the proposed model as a measure of retention capacity of loaded protective filters. |
topic |
granular filters effective stresses filter effectiveness particle erosion |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/14/1976 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT gangzhang modelingwaterinducedbaseparticlemigrationinloadedgranularfiltersusingdiscreteelementmethod AT jahanzaibisrar modelingwaterinducedbaseparticlemigrationinloadedgranularfiltersusingdiscreteelementmethod AT wenguoma modelingwaterinducedbaseparticlemigrationinloadedgranularfiltersusingdiscreteelementmethod AT hongyuwang modelingwaterinducedbaseparticlemigrationinloadedgranularfiltersusingdiscreteelementmethod |
_version_ |
1721285318786678784 |