Alligators as West Nile Virus Amplifiers

• Main Authors: Kaci Klenk, Jamie Snow, Katrina Morgan, Richard A. Bowen, Michael Stephens, Falicia Foster, Paul Gordy, Susan Beckett, Nicholas Komar, Duane Gubler, Michel L. Bunning
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2004-12-01
• Series: Emerging Infectious Diseases
• Subjects: West Nile virus; flavivirus; arbovirus; alligators; reptiles; transmission
• Online Access: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/10/12/04-0264_article

Recent evidence suggests that American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) may be capable of transmitting West Nile virus (WNV) to other alligators. We experimentally exposed 24 juvenile alligators to WNV parenterally or orally. All became infected, and all but three sustained viremia titers >5.0 log10 PFU/mL (a threshold considered infectious for Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes) for 1 to 8 days. Noninoculated tankmates also became infected. The viremia profiles and multiple routes of infection suggest alligators may play an important role in WNV transmission in areas with high population densities of juvenile alligators.