A CMOS-Compatible, Low-Noise ISFET Based on High Efficiency Ion-Modulated Lateral-Bipolar Conduction
Ion-sensitive, field-effect transistors (ISFET) have been useful biosensors in many applications. However, the signal-to-noise ratio of the ISFET is limited by its intrinsic, low-frequency noise. This paper presents an ISFET capable of utilizing lateral-bipolar conduction to reduce low-frequency noi...
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doaj-a1a30a522a9c4d049c1fde69be3dbd3a2020-11-24T20:49:15ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202009-10-019108336834810.3390/s91008336A CMOS-Compatible, Low-Noise ISFET Based on High Efficiency Ion-Modulated Lateral-Bipolar ConductionHsin ChenSheng-Ren ChangIon-sensitive, field-effect transistors (ISFET) have been useful biosensors in many applications. However, the signal-to-noise ratio of the ISFET is limited by its intrinsic, low-frequency noise. This paper presents an ISFET capable of utilizing lateral-bipolar conduction to reduce low-frequency noise. With a particular layout design, the conduction efficiency is further enhanced. Moreover, the ISFET is compatible with the standard CMOS technology. All materials above the gate-oxide are removed by simple, die-level post-CMOS process, allowing ions to modulate the lateral-bipolar current directly. By varying the gate-to-bulk voltage, the operation mode of the ISFET is controlled effectively, so is the noise performance measured and compared. Finally, the biasing conditions preferable for different low-noise applications are identified. Under the identified biasing condition, the signal-to-noise ratio of the ISFET as a pH sensor is proved to be improved by more than five times. http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/9/10/8336/ISFETlow noiseCMOS-compatiblelateral-bipolar conduction |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hsin Chen Sheng-Ren Chang |
spellingShingle |
Hsin Chen Sheng-Ren Chang A CMOS-Compatible, Low-Noise ISFET Based on High Efficiency Ion-Modulated Lateral-Bipolar Conduction Sensors ISFET low noise CMOS-compatible lateral-bipolar conduction |
author_facet |
Hsin Chen Sheng-Ren Chang |
author_sort |
Hsin Chen |
title |
A CMOS-Compatible, Low-Noise ISFET Based on High Efficiency Ion-Modulated Lateral-Bipolar Conduction |
title_short |
A CMOS-Compatible, Low-Noise ISFET Based on High Efficiency Ion-Modulated Lateral-Bipolar Conduction |
title_full |
A CMOS-Compatible, Low-Noise ISFET Based on High Efficiency Ion-Modulated Lateral-Bipolar Conduction |
title_fullStr |
A CMOS-Compatible, Low-Noise ISFET Based on High Efficiency Ion-Modulated Lateral-Bipolar Conduction |
title_full_unstemmed |
A CMOS-Compatible, Low-Noise ISFET Based on High Efficiency Ion-Modulated Lateral-Bipolar Conduction |
title_sort |
cmos-compatible, low-noise isfet based on high efficiency ion-modulated lateral-bipolar conduction |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Sensors |
issn |
1424-8220 |
publishDate |
2009-10-01 |
description |
Ion-sensitive, field-effect transistors (ISFET) have been useful biosensors in many applications. However, the signal-to-noise ratio of the ISFET is limited by its intrinsic, low-frequency noise. This paper presents an ISFET capable of utilizing lateral-bipolar conduction to reduce low-frequency noise. With a particular layout design, the conduction efficiency is further enhanced. Moreover, the ISFET is compatible with the standard CMOS technology. All materials above the gate-oxide are removed by simple, die-level post-CMOS process, allowing ions to modulate the lateral-bipolar current directly. By varying the gate-to-bulk voltage, the operation mode of the ISFET is controlled effectively, so is the noise performance measured and compared. Finally, the biasing conditions preferable for different low-noise applications are identified. Under the identified biasing condition, the signal-to-noise ratio of the ISFET as a pH sensor is proved to be improved by more than five times. |
topic |
ISFET low noise CMOS-compatible lateral-bipolar conduction |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/9/10/8336/ |
work_keys_str_mv |
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