Novel Protocol for Acute In Situ Ecotoxicity Test Using Native Crustaceans Applied to Groundwater Ecosystems
Current standardized laboratory test protocols use model species that have limitations to accurately assess native species responses to stressors. We developed and tested a novel acute <i>in</i><i>situ</i> protocol for testing field-collected organisms. We used <i>Asell...
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doaj-a21e237b7174441b980919218d50ab342021-04-20T23:05:20ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412021-04-01131132113210.3390/w13081132Novel Protocol for Acute In Situ Ecotoxicity Test Using Native Crustaceans Applied to Groundwater EcosystemsAndrea Castaño-Sánchez0Florian Malard1Gabriela Kalčíková2Ana Sofia P. S. Reboleira3Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, DenmarkUniv Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR 5023 LEHNA, F-69622 Villeurbanne, FranceFaculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaNatural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, DenmarkCurrent standardized laboratory test protocols use model species that have limitations to accurately assess native species responses to stressors. We developed and tested a novel acute <i>in</i><i>situ</i> protocol for testing field-collected organisms. We used <i>Asellus aquaticus</i> and NaCl as a reference toxicant to test for the effects of location (laboratory vs. <i>in</i><i>situ</i>), medium (synthetic vs. field water), substrate (presence vs. absence), and protocol replicability. We further tested the protocol using groundwater-adapted isopods: <i>Proasellus assaforensis</i> for the effect of location,<i> P. cavaticus</i> of medium and <i>P.</i><i>lusitanicus</i> of substrate. Our results showed that <i>A.</i><i>aquaticus’</i> lethality obtained with the novel acute <i>in</i><i>situ</i> protocol did not significantly differ from those from laboratory testing. However, laboratory tested <i>P.</i><i>assaforensis </i>showed a higher sensitivity, suggesting that its acclimation to laboratory conditions might have pernicious effects. <i>A. aquaticus</i> and <i>P. cavaticus</i> showed a higher mortality using synthetic medium <i>in</i><i>situ</i> and under laboratory conditions, which overestimated the stressor’s effect. Besides, substrate use had no significant effect. The novel acute <i>in</i><i>situ</i> protocol allows the use of native species under realistic scenarios. It is particularly well adapted for assessing the risk of groundwater ecosystems but it can be applied to a wide range of ecosystems.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/8/1132groundwater ecologygroundwater ecotoxicologystygofaunain situ exposuresite-specific assessment |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Andrea Castaño-Sánchez Florian Malard Gabriela Kalčíková Ana Sofia P. S. Reboleira |
spellingShingle |
Andrea Castaño-Sánchez Florian Malard Gabriela Kalčíková Ana Sofia P. S. Reboleira Novel Protocol for Acute In Situ Ecotoxicity Test Using Native Crustaceans Applied to Groundwater Ecosystems Water groundwater ecology groundwater ecotoxicology stygofauna in situ exposure site-specific assessment |
author_facet |
Andrea Castaño-Sánchez Florian Malard Gabriela Kalčíková Ana Sofia P. S. Reboleira |
author_sort |
Andrea Castaño-Sánchez |
title |
Novel Protocol for Acute In Situ Ecotoxicity Test Using Native Crustaceans Applied to Groundwater Ecosystems |
title_short |
Novel Protocol for Acute In Situ Ecotoxicity Test Using Native Crustaceans Applied to Groundwater Ecosystems |
title_full |
Novel Protocol for Acute In Situ Ecotoxicity Test Using Native Crustaceans Applied to Groundwater Ecosystems |
title_fullStr |
Novel Protocol for Acute In Situ Ecotoxicity Test Using Native Crustaceans Applied to Groundwater Ecosystems |
title_full_unstemmed |
Novel Protocol for Acute In Situ Ecotoxicity Test Using Native Crustaceans Applied to Groundwater Ecosystems |
title_sort |
novel protocol for acute in situ ecotoxicity test using native crustaceans applied to groundwater ecosystems |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Water |
issn |
2073-4441 |
publishDate |
2021-04-01 |
description |
Current standardized laboratory test protocols use model species that have limitations to accurately assess native species responses to stressors. We developed and tested a novel acute <i>in</i><i>situ</i> protocol for testing field-collected organisms. We used <i>Asellus aquaticus</i> and NaCl as a reference toxicant to test for the effects of location (laboratory vs. <i>in</i><i>situ</i>), medium (synthetic vs. field water), substrate (presence vs. absence), and protocol replicability. We further tested the protocol using groundwater-adapted isopods: <i>Proasellus assaforensis</i> for the effect of location,<i> P. cavaticus</i> of medium and <i>P.</i><i>lusitanicus</i> of substrate. Our results showed that <i>A.</i><i>aquaticus’</i> lethality obtained with the novel acute <i>in</i><i>situ</i> protocol did not significantly differ from those from laboratory testing. However, laboratory tested <i>P.</i><i>assaforensis </i>showed a higher sensitivity, suggesting that its acclimation to laboratory conditions might have pernicious effects. <i>A. aquaticus</i> and <i>P. cavaticus</i> showed a higher mortality using synthetic medium <i>in</i><i>situ</i> and under laboratory conditions, which overestimated the stressor’s effect. Besides, substrate use had no significant effect. The novel acute <i>in</i><i>situ</i> protocol allows the use of native species under realistic scenarios. It is particularly well adapted for assessing the risk of groundwater ecosystems but it can be applied to a wide range of ecosystems. |
topic |
groundwater ecology groundwater ecotoxicology stygofauna in situ exposure site-specific assessment |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/13/8/1132 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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