Sodium Iodate Influences the Apoptosis, Proliferation and Differentiation Potential of Radial Glial Cells In Vitro
Background/Aims: Sodium iodate (NaIO3)-induced acute retinal injury is typically used as an animal model for degenerative retinal disease; however, how NaIO3 influences the apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation of endogenous retinal stem cells is unknown. Methods: We exposed a radial glial ce...
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Cell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KG
2014-09-01
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doaj-a28549c393dd4db0a3a3d067b2f34bc72020-11-25T01:27:36ZengCell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KGCellular Physiology and Biochemistry1015-89871421-97782014-09-013441109112410.1159/000366325366325Sodium Iodate Influences the Apoptosis, Proliferation and Differentiation Potential of Radial Glial Cells In VitroXi ChenQiyou LiHaiwei XuZheng Qin YinBackground/Aims: Sodium iodate (NaIO3)-induced acute retinal injury is typically used as an animal model for degenerative retinal disease; however, how NaIO3 influences the apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation of endogenous retinal stem cells is unknown. Methods: We exposed a radial glial cells (RGCs) line (L2.3) to different NaIO3 concentrations and determined the influence of NaIO3 on apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence assays. We used a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to analyze the levels of mRNAs encoding GSK-3β, AXIN2, β-catenin, TGF-β1, SMAD2, SMAD3, NOG (Noggin), and BMP4. Results: Cell density decreased dramatically as a function of the NaIO3 dose. NaIO3 increased apoptosis, inhibited mitosis, proliferation, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CHIR99021 (Wnt agonist) treatment efficiently reversed the effects of NaIO3 on the apoptosis and proliferation of RGCs. The number of neuronal class III β-tubulin-positive cells decreased markedly, whereas that of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells increased significantly when RGCs were exposed to NaIO3. During differentiation, the Nog mRNA level decreased and transforming growth factor-β1 (Tgf-β1) and Smad2/3 mRNA levels increased significantly when RGCs were exposed to NaIO3. Conclusion: NaIO3 increased apoptosis, influenced the proliferation of RGCs and drove them toward astrocytic differentiation, likely through inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin and noggin pathways and activation of the TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 pathway.http://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/366325TGF-β1Wnt/β-cateninDifferentiationRadial glial cellsProliferationSodium iodate |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Xi Chen Qiyou Li Haiwei Xu Zheng Qin Yin |
spellingShingle |
Xi Chen Qiyou Li Haiwei Xu Zheng Qin Yin Sodium Iodate Influences the Apoptosis, Proliferation and Differentiation Potential of Radial Glial Cells In Vitro Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry TGF-β1 Wnt/β-catenin Differentiation Radial glial cells Proliferation Sodium iodate |
author_facet |
Xi Chen Qiyou Li Haiwei Xu Zheng Qin Yin |
author_sort |
Xi Chen |
title |
Sodium Iodate Influences the Apoptosis, Proliferation and Differentiation Potential of Radial Glial Cells In Vitro |
title_short |
Sodium Iodate Influences the Apoptosis, Proliferation and Differentiation Potential of Radial Glial Cells In Vitro |
title_full |
Sodium Iodate Influences the Apoptosis, Proliferation and Differentiation Potential of Radial Glial Cells In Vitro |
title_fullStr |
Sodium Iodate Influences the Apoptosis, Proliferation and Differentiation Potential of Radial Glial Cells In Vitro |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sodium Iodate Influences the Apoptosis, Proliferation and Differentiation Potential of Radial Glial Cells In Vitro |
title_sort |
sodium iodate influences the apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation potential of radial glial cells in vitro |
publisher |
Cell Physiol Biochem Press GmbH & Co KG |
series |
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry |
issn |
1015-8987 1421-9778 |
publishDate |
2014-09-01 |
description |
Background/Aims: Sodium iodate (NaIO3)-induced acute retinal injury is typically used as an animal model for degenerative retinal disease; however, how NaIO3 influences the apoptosis, proliferation and differentiation of endogenous retinal stem cells is unknown. Methods: We exposed a radial glial cells (RGCs) line (L2.3) to different NaIO3 concentrations and determined the influence of NaIO3 on apoptosis, proliferation, and differentiation using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence assays. We used a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay to analyze the levels of mRNAs encoding GSK-3β, AXIN2, β-catenin, TGF-β1, SMAD2, SMAD3, NOG (Noggin), and BMP4. Results: Cell density decreased dramatically as a function of the NaIO3 dose. NaIO3 increased apoptosis, inhibited mitosis, proliferation, and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. CHIR99021 (Wnt agonist) treatment efficiently reversed the effects of NaIO3 on the apoptosis and proliferation of RGCs. The number of neuronal class III β-tubulin-positive cells decreased markedly, whereas that of glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive cells increased significantly when RGCs were exposed to NaIO3. During differentiation, the Nog mRNA level decreased and transforming growth factor-β1 (Tgf-β1) and Smad2/3 mRNA levels increased significantly when RGCs were exposed to NaIO3. Conclusion: NaIO3 increased apoptosis, influenced the proliferation of RGCs and drove them toward astrocytic differentiation, likely through inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin and noggin pathways and activation of the TGF-β1/SMAD2/3 pathway. |
topic |
TGF-β1 Wnt/β-catenin Differentiation Radial glial cells Proliferation Sodium iodate |
url |
http://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/366325 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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