The Effect of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Seeds and Hemp Seed Oil on Vascular Dysfunction in Obese Male Zucker Rats
Seeds of industrial hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) contain a large amount of protein (26.3%), dietary fiber (27.5%), and fatty acids (33.2%), including linoleic, α-linolenic, and some amount of γ-linolenic acid. In our study, obese male Zucker rats (<i>n</i> = 6) at 8 weeks...
Main Authors: | , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2021-07-01
|
Series: | Nutrients |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2575 |
id |
doaj-a2a2c282726244d09836b77f4fb1bfdf |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-a2a2c282726244d09836b77f4fb1bfdf2021-08-26T14:10:08ZengMDPI AGNutrients2072-66432021-07-01132575257510.3390/nu13082575The Effect of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Seeds and Hemp Seed Oil on Vascular Dysfunction in Obese Male Zucker RatsMichał Majewski0Adam Jurgoński1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, UWM, 10-082 Olsztyn, PolandDivision of Food Science, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-748 Olsztyn, PolandSeeds of industrial hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) contain a large amount of protein (26.3%), dietary fiber (27.5%), and fatty acids (33.2%), including linoleic, α-linolenic, and some amount of γ-linolenic acid. In our study, obese male Zucker rats (<i>n</i> = 6) at 8 weeks of age were supplemented for a further 4 weeks with either ground hemp seeds (12% diet) or lipid fractions in the form of hemp seed oil (4% diet). Hemp oil decreased blood plasma HDL-cholesterol (x0.76, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.0001), triglycerides (x0.55, <i>p</i> = 0.01), and calculated atherogenic parameters. Meanwhile, hemp seeds decreased HDL-cholesterol (x0.71, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.0001) and total cholesterol (x0.81, <i>p</i> = 0.006) but not the atherogenic index. The plasma antioxidant capacity of water-soluble compounds was decreased by the seeds (x0.30, <i>p</i> = 0.0015), which in turn was associated with a decrease in plasma uric acid (x0.18, <i>p</i> = 0.03). Dietary hemp seeds also decreased plasma urea (x0.80, <i>p</i> = 0.02), while the oil decreased the plasma total protein (x0.90, <i>p</i> = 0.05). Hemp seeds and the oil decreased lipid peroxidation in the blood plasma and in the heart (reflected as malondialdehyde content), improved contraction to noradrenaline, and up-regulated the sensitivity of potassium channels dependent on ATP and Ca<sup>2+</sup>. Meanwhile, acetylcholine-induced vasodilation was improved by hemp seeds exclusively. Dietary supplementation with ground hemp seeds was much more beneficial than the oil, which suggests that the lipid fractions are only partially responsible for this effect.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2575glucose tolerance testheart ratemean arterial pressureNS1619pinacidilthoracic aorta |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Michał Majewski Adam Jurgoński |
spellingShingle |
Michał Majewski Adam Jurgoński The Effect of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Seeds and Hemp Seed Oil on Vascular Dysfunction in Obese Male Zucker Rats Nutrients glucose tolerance test heart rate mean arterial pressure NS1619 pinacidil thoracic aorta |
author_facet |
Michał Majewski Adam Jurgoński |
author_sort |
Michał Majewski |
title |
The Effect of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Seeds and Hemp Seed Oil on Vascular Dysfunction in Obese Male Zucker Rats |
title_short |
The Effect of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Seeds and Hemp Seed Oil on Vascular Dysfunction in Obese Male Zucker Rats |
title_full |
The Effect of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Seeds and Hemp Seed Oil on Vascular Dysfunction in Obese Male Zucker Rats |
title_fullStr |
The Effect of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Seeds and Hemp Seed Oil on Vascular Dysfunction in Obese Male Zucker Rats |
title_full_unstemmed |
The Effect of Hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) Seeds and Hemp Seed Oil on Vascular Dysfunction in Obese Male Zucker Rats |
title_sort |
effect of hemp (<i>cannabis sativa</i> l.) seeds and hemp seed oil on vascular dysfunction in obese male zucker rats |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Nutrients |
issn |
2072-6643 |
publishDate |
2021-07-01 |
description |
Seeds of industrial hemp (<i>Cannabis sativa</i> L.) contain a large amount of protein (26.3%), dietary fiber (27.5%), and fatty acids (33.2%), including linoleic, α-linolenic, and some amount of γ-linolenic acid. In our study, obese male Zucker rats (<i>n</i> = 6) at 8 weeks of age were supplemented for a further 4 weeks with either ground hemp seeds (12% diet) or lipid fractions in the form of hemp seed oil (4% diet). Hemp oil decreased blood plasma HDL-cholesterol (x0.76, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.0001), triglycerides (x0.55, <i>p</i> = 0.01), and calculated atherogenic parameters. Meanwhile, hemp seeds decreased HDL-cholesterol (x0.71, <i>p</i> ≤ 0.0001) and total cholesterol (x0.81, <i>p</i> = 0.006) but not the atherogenic index. The plasma antioxidant capacity of water-soluble compounds was decreased by the seeds (x0.30, <i>p</i> = 0.0015), which in turn was associated with a decrease in plasma uric acid (x0.18, <i>p</i> = 0.03). Dietary hemp seeds also decreased plasma urea (x0.80, <i>p</i> = 0.02), while the oil decreased the plasma total protein (x0.90, <i>p</i> = 0.05). Hemp seeds and the oil decreased lipid peroxidation in the blood plasma and in the heart (reflected as malondialdehyde content), improved contraction to noradrenaline, and up-regulated the sensitivity of potassium channels dependent on ATP and Ca<sup>2+</sup>. Meanwhile, acetylcholine-induced vasodilation was improved by hemp seeds exclusively. Dietary supplementation with ground hemp seeds was much more beneficial than the oil, which suggests that the lipid fractions are only partially responsible for this effect. |
topic |
glucose tolerance test heart rate mean arterial pressure NS1619 pinacidil thoracic aorta |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/8/2575 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT michałmajewski theeffectofhempicannabissativailseedsandhempseedoilonvasculardysfunctioninobesemalezuckerrats AT adamjurgonski theeffectofhempicannabissativailseedsandhempseedoilonvasculardysfunctioninobesemalezuckerrats AT michałmajewski effectofhempicannabissativailseedsandhempseedoilonvasculardysfunctioninobesemalezuckerrats AT adamjurgonski effectofhempicannabissativailseedsandhempseedoilonvasculardysfunctioninobesemalezuckerrats |
_version_ |
1721191021923008512 |