Cytotoxic Plant Extracts towards Insect Cells: Bioactivity and Nanoencapsulation Studies for Application as Biopesticides
The potential of plant extracts as bioinsecticides has been described as a promising field of agricultural development. In this work, the extracts of <i>Punica granatum</i> (pomegranate), <i>Phytolacca americana</i> (American pokeweed), <i>Glandora prostrata</i> (...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-12-01
|
Series: | Molecules |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/24/5855 |
id |
doaj-a33dd0434d9649a6b785b7a48b6773ce |
---|---|
record_format |
Article |
spelling |
doaj-a33dd0434d9649a6b785b7a48b6773ce2020-12-12T00:01:07ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492020-12-01255855585510.3390/molecules25245855Cytotoxic Plant Extracts towards Insect Cells: Bioactivity and Nanoencapsulation Studies for Application as BiopesticidesAna I. F. Lopes0Mariana Monteiro1Ana R. L. Araújo2Ana Rita O. Rodrigues3Elisabete M. S. Castanheira4David M. Pereira5Pedro Olim6A. Gil Fortes7M. Sameiro T. Gonçalves8Centre of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, PortugalCentre of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, PortugalCentre of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, PortugalCentre of Physics, Department of Physics, Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, PortugalCentre of Physics, Department of Physics, Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, PortugalREQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalREQUIMTE/LAQV, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, PortugalCentre of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, PortugalCentre of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Campus of Gualtar, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, PortugalThe potential of plant extracts as bioinsecticides has been described as a promising field of agricultural development. In this work, the extracts of <i>Punica granatum</i> (pomegranate), <i>Phytolacca americana</i> (American pokeweed), <i>Glandora prostrata</i> (shrubby gromwell), <i>Ulex europaeus</i> (gorce), <i>Tagetes patula</i> (French marigold), <i>Camellia japonica red</i> (camellia), <i>Ruta graveolens</i> (rue or herb-of-grace) were obtained, purified, and their activity against <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> (<i>Sf9</i>) insect cells was investigated. From the pool of over twenty extracts obtained, comprising different polarities and vegetable materials, less polar samples were shown to be more toxic towards the insect cell line <i>Sf</i>9. Among these, a dichloromethane extract of <i>R. graveolens</i> was capable of causing a loss of viability of over 50%, exceeding the effect of the commercial insecticide chlorpyrifos. This extract elicited chromatin condensation and the fragmentation in treated cells. Nanoencapsulation assays of the cytotoxic plant extracts in soybean liposomes and chitosan nanostructures were carried out. The nanosystems exhibited sizes lower or around 200 nm, low polydispersity, and generally high encapsulation efficiencies. Release assays showed that chitosan nanoemulsions provide a fast and total extract release, while liposome-based systems are suitable for a more delayed release. These results represent a proof-of-concept for the future development of bioinsecticide nanoformulations based on the cytotoxic plant extracts.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/24/5855biopesticidesbioinsecticides<i>Ruta graveolens</i>chlorpyrifosnanoencapsulation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Ana I. F. Lopes Mariana Monteiro Ana R. L. Araújo Ana Rita O. Rodrigues Elisabete M. S. Castanheira David M. Pereira Pedro Olim A. Gil Fortes M. Sameiro T. Gonçalves |
spellingShingle |
Ana I. F. Lopes Mariana Monteiro Ana R. L. Araújo Ana Rita O. Rodrigues Elisabete M. S. Castanheira David M. Pereira Pedro Olim A. Gil Fortes M. Sameiro T. Gonçalves Cytotoxic Plant Extracts towards Insect Cells: Bioactivity and Nanoencapsulation Studies for Application as Biopesticides Molecules biopesticides bioinsecticides <i>Ruta graveolens</i> chlorpyrifos nanoencapsulation |
author_facet |
Ana I. F. Lopes Mariana Monteiro Ana R. L. Araújo Ana Rita O. Rodrigues Elisabete M. S. Castanheira David M. Pereira Pedro Olim A. Gil Fortes M. Sameiro T. Gonçalves |
author_sort |
Ana I. F. Lopes |
title |
Cytotoxic Plant Extracts towards Insect Cells: Bioactivity and Nanoencapsulation Studies for Application as Biopesticides |
title_short |
Cytotoxic Plant Extracts towards Insect Cells: Bioactivity and Nanoencapsulation Studies for Application as Biopesticides |
title_full |
Cytotoxic Plant Extracts towards Insect Cells: Bioactivity and Nanoencapsulation Studies for Application as Biopesticides |
title_fullStr |
Cytotoxic Plant Extracts towards Insect Cells: Bioactivity and Nanoencapsulation Studies for Application as Biopesticides |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cytotoxic Plant Extracts towards Insect Cells: Bioactivity and Nanoencapsulation Studies for Application as Biopesticides |
title_sort |
cytotoxic plant extracts towards insect cells: bioactivity and nanoencapsulation studies for application as biopesticides |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Molecules |
issn |
1420-3049 |
publishDate |
2020-12-01 |
description |
The potential of plant extracts as bioinsecticides has been described as a promising field of agricultural development. In this work, the extracts of <i>Punica granatum</i> (pomegranate), <i>Phytolacca americana</i> (American pokeweed), <i>Glandora prostrata</i> (shrubby gromwell), <i>Ulex europaeus</i> (gorce), <i>Tagetes patula</i> (French marigold), <i>Camellia japonica red</i> (camellia), <i>Ruta graveolens</i> (rue or herb-of-grace) were obtained, purified, and their activity against <i>Spodoptera frugiperda</i> (<i>Sf9</i>) insect cells was investigated. From the pool of over twenty extracts obtained, comprising different polarities and vegetable materials, less polar samples were shown to be more toxic towards the insect cell line <i>Sf</i>9. Among these, a dichloromethane extract of <i>R. graveolens</i> was capable of causing a loss of viability of over 50%, exceeding the effect of the commercial insecticide chlorpyrifos. This extract elicited chromatin condensation and the fragmentation in treated cells. Nanoencapsulation assays of the cytotoxic plant extracts in soybean liposomes and chitosan nanostructures were carried out. The nanosystems exhibited sizes lower or around 200 nm, low polydispersity, and generally high encapsulation efficiencies. Release assays showed that chitosan nanoemulsions provide a fast and total extract release, while liposome-based systems are suitable for a more delayed release. These results represent a proof-of-concept for the future development of bioinsecticide nanoformulations based on the cytotoxic plant extracts. |
topic |
biopesticides bioinsecticides <i>Ruta graveolens</i> chlorpyrifos nanoencapsulation |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/25/24/5855 |
work_keys_str_mv |
AT anaiflopes cytotoxicplantextractstowardsinsectcellsbioactivityandnanoencapsulationstudiesforapplicationasbiopesticides AT marianamonteiro cytotoxicplantextractstowardsinsectcellsbioactivityandnanoencapsulationstudiesforapplicationasbiopesticides AT anarlaraujo cytotoxicplantextractstowardsinsectcellsbioactivityandnanoencapsulationstudiesforapplicationasbiopesticides AT anaritaorodrigues cytotoxicplantextractstowardsinsectcellsbioactivityandnanoencapsulationstudiesforapplicationasbiopesticides AT elisabetemscastanheira cytotoxicplantextractstowardsinsectcellsbioactivityandnanoencapsulationstudiesforapplicationasbiopesticides AT davidmpereira cytotoxicplantextractstowardsinsectcellsbioactivityandnanoencapsulationstudiesforapplicationasbiopesticides AT pedroolim cytotoxicplantextractstowardsinsectcellsbioactivityandnanoencapsulationstudiesforapplicationasbiopesticides AT agilfortes cytotoxicplantextractstowardsinsectcellsbioactivityandnanoencapsulationstudiesforapplicationasbiopesticides AT msameirotgoncalves cytotoxicplantextractstowardsinsectcellsbioactivityandnanoencapsulationstudiesforapplicationasbiopesticides |
_version_ |
1724386147129360384 |