New types of drug use and risks of drug use among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in Hangzhou, China
Abstract Background The use of new types of drugs has become more common among men who have sex with men (MSM). The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of the use of new types of drugs, such as methamphetamine, ketamine, ecstasy, and rush poppers, and to examine the factors associated wit...
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doaj-a43e30be7516415ba043fd20c6d1aa672020-11-25T03:29:22ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342018-04-011811910.1186/s12879-018-3091-zNew types of drug use and risks of drug use among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in Hangzhou, ChinaLin He0Xiaohong Pan1Ning Wang2Jiezhe Yang3Jun Jiang4Yan Luo5Xingliang Zhang6Xiting Li7Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionNational Center for AIDS/STD Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionZhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionHangzhou Center for Disease Control and PreventionAbstract Background The use of new types of drugs has become more common among men who have sex with men (MSM). The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of the use of new types of drugs, such as methamphetamine, ketamine, ecstasy, and rush poppers, and to examine the factors associated with drug use and HIV infection among MSM in Hangzhou, China. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2015 and April 2016. We used snowball sampling to recruit MSM; participants were recruited from voluntary counseling and testing centers, baths, bars, Blued (an app for the gay community), QQ groups, clubs, and other types of venues. MSM were included if their previous HIV test results were negative or unknown, or they had not been tested for HIV. MSM were excluded if they were known to be HIV positive before the survey. Face-to-face questionnaires were conducted and a venous blood specimen was drawn from each participant following the interview. Results In total, 555 MSM were included; 18.2% (101/555) of the participants had used new types of drugs in the past 3 months. Among the users, 65.3% used single-use rush poppers, while the remainder used ketamine, methamphetamine, ecstasy, or other mixed combinations of drugs. The HIV positivity rate was 14.8% (82/555). Factors associated with increased odds of using new types of drugs in the past 3 months were higher education levels (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.12–9.37), having multiple sexual partners (AOR 1.76, 95 CI 1.02–3.05), alcohol use before sexual intercourse (AOR 33.44, 95% CI 10.80–103.50), and seeing friends using new types of drugs. Conclusion We revealed the widespread use of new types of drugs, as well as a high diagnosis rate of new HIV infection, among MSM in Hangzhou. The use of new types of drugs was associated with an increased number of sexual partners among MSM; the high-risk sexual behaviors increased the risk of HIV infection. Attention should be given to the use of new types of drugs in MSM, and supervision programs should be strengthened to combat drug use.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-018-3091-zMen who have sex with menNew types of drugsRush poppersHIVAlcohol |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Lin He Xiaohong Pan Ning Wang Jiezhe Yang Jun Jiang Yan Luo Xingliang Zhang Xiting Li |
spellingShingle |
Lin He Xiaohong Pan Ning Wang Jiezhe Yang Jun Jiang Yan Luo Xingliang Zhang Xiting Li New types of drug use and risks of drug use among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in Hangzhou, China BMC Infectious Diseases Men who have sex with men New types of drugs Rush poppers HIV Alcohol |
author_facet |
Lin He Xiaohong Pan Ning Wang Jiezhe Yang Jun Jiang Yan Luo Xingliang Zhang Xiting Li |
author_sort |
Lin He |
title |
New types of drug use and risks of drug use among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in Hangzhou, China |
title_short |
New types of drug use and risks of drug use among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in Hangzhou, China |
title_full |
New types of drug use and risks of drug use among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in Hangzhou, China |
title_fullStr |
New types of drug use and risks of drug use among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in Hangzhou, China |
title_full_unstemmed |
New types of drug use and risks of drug use among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in Hangzhou, China |
title_sort |
new types of drug use and risks of drug use among men who have sex with men: a cross-sectional study in hangzhou, china |
publisher |
BMC |
series |
BMC Infectious Diseases |
issn |
1471-2334 |
publishDate |
2018-04-01 |
description |
Abstract Background The use of new types of drugs has become more common among men who have sex with men (MSM). The aim of this study was to describe the patterns of the use of new types of drugs, such as methamphetamine, ketamine, ecstasy, and rush poppers, and to examine the factors associated with drug use and HIV infection among MSM in Hangzhou, China. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between August 2015 and April 2016. We used snowball sampling to recruit MSM; participants were recruited from voluntary counseling and testing centers, baths, bars, Blued (an app for the gay community), QQ groups, clubs, and other types of venues. MSM were included if their previous HIV test results were negative or unknown, or they had not been tested for HIV. MSM were excluded if they were known to be HIV positive before the survey. Face-to-face questionnaires were conducted and a venous blood specimen was drawn from each participant following the interview. Results In total, 555 MSM were included; 18.2% (101/555) of the participants had used new types of drugs in the past 3 months. Among the users, 65.3% used single-use rush poppers, while the remainder used ketamine, methamphetamine, ecstasy, or other mixed combinations of drugs. The HIV positivity rate was 14.8% (82/555). Factors associated with increased odds of using new types of drugs in the past 3 months were higher education levels (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] 4.45, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.12–9.37), having multiple sexual partners (AOR 1.76, 95 CI 1.02–3.05), alcohol use before sexual intercourse (AOR 33.44, 95% CI 10.80–103.50), and seeing friends using new types of drugs. Conclusion We revealed the widespread use of new types of drugs, as well as a high diagnosis rate of new HIV infection, among MSM in Hangzhou. The use of new types of drugs was associated with an increased number of sexual partners among MSM; the high-risk sexual behaviors increased the risk of HIV infection. Attention should be given to the use of new types of drugs in MSM, and supervision programs should be strengthened to combat drug use. |
topic |
Men who have sex with men New types of drugs Rush poppers HIV Alcohol |
url |
http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12879-018-3091-z |
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