Study on Soy-Based Adhesives Enhanced by Phenol Formaldehyde Cross-Linker

• Main Authors: Zhigang Wu, Xuedong Xi, Hong Lei, Jiankun Liang, Jingjing Liao, Guanben Du
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Published: MDPI AG 2019-02-01
• Series: Polymers
• Subjects: phenol formaldehyde; soy protein-based adhesives; cross-link; amino acid
• Online Access: https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/11/2/365

To find the effects of cross-linker phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resin on the performance of soy-based adhesives, the reaction between model compounds hydroxymethyl phenol (HPF) and glutamic acid were studied in this paper. HPF prepared in laboratory conditions showed higher content of hydroxymethyl groups than normal PF resin, which was proved by the results of Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (ESI-MS) and ¹³C Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹³C-NMR). The results of ESI-MS, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and ¹³C-NMR based on resultant products obtained from model compounds showed better water resistance of the soy protein-based adhesive modified by PF-based resin, which indicated the reaction between PF resin and soy protein. However, it seemed that the soy-based adhesive cross-linked by HPF with the maximum content of hydroxymethyl groups did not show the best water resistance.