Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Etiolation-Induced Metabolic Changes Leading to High Amino Acid Contents in a Light-Sensitive Japanese Albino Tea Cultivar
Plant albinism causes the etiolation of leaves because of factors such as deficiency of chloroplasts or chlorophylls. In general, albino tea leaves accumulate higher free amino acid (FAA) contents than do conventional green tea leaves. To explore the metabolic changes of etiolated leaves (EL) in the...
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doaj-a550d8fd33824c3c84f43792c0b17b4d2021-01-18T04:22:30ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-01-011110.3389/fpls.2020.611140611140Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Etiolation-Induced Metabolic Changes Leading to High Amino Acid Contents in a Light-Sensitive Japanese Albino Tea CultivarHiroto Yamashita0Hiroto Yamashita1Yuka Kambe2Megumi Ohshio3Aya Kunihiro4Yasuno Tanaka5Yasuno Tanaka6Toshikazu Suzuki7Yoriyuki Nakamura8Akio Morita9Akio Morita10Takashi Ikka11Takashi Ikka12Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, JapanUnited Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, JapanUnited Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Gifu University, Gifu, JapanTea Research Center, Shizuoka Prefectural Research Institute of Agriculture and Forestry, Shizuoka, JapanGraduate Division of Nutritional and Environmental Science, Tea Science Center, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, JapanInstitute for Tea Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, JapanFaculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, JapanInstitute for Tea Science, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, JapanPlant albinism causes the etiolation of leaves because of factors such as deficiency of chloroplasts or chlorophylls. In general, albino tea leaves accumulate higher free amino acid (FAA) contents than do conventional green tea leaves. To explore the metabolic changes of etiolated leaves (EL) in the light-sensitive Japanese albino tea cultivar “Koganemidori,” we performed integrated metabolome and transcriptome analyses by comparing EL with green leaves induced by bud-sport mutation (BM) or shading treatments (S-EL). Comparative omics analyses indicated that etiolation-induced molecular responses were independent of the light environment and were largely influenced by the etiolation itself. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment and pathway analyses revealed the downregulation of genes involved in chloroplast development and chlorophyll biosynthesis and upregulation of protein degradation-related pathways, such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy in EL. Metabolome analysis showed that most quantified FAAs in EL were highly accumulated compared with those in BM and S-EL. Genes involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, nitrogen assimilation, and the urea cycle, including the drastically downregulated Arginase-1 homolog, which functions in nitrogen excretion for recycling, showed lower expression levels in EL. The high FAA contents in EL might result from the increased FAA pool and nitrogen source contributed by protein degradation, low N consumption, and stagnation of the urea cycle rather than through enhanced amino acid biosynthesis.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.611140/fullalbinoetiolationtea plantamino acidstranscriptomemetabolome |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Hiroto Yamashita Hiroto Yamashita Yuka Kambe Megumi Ohshio Aya Kunihiro Yasuno Tanaka Yasuno Tanaka Toshikazu Suzuki Yoriyuki Nakamura Akio Morita Akio Morita Takashi Ikka Takashi Ikka |
spellingShingle |
Hiroto Yamashita Hiroto Yamashita Yuka Kambe Megumi Ohshio Aya Kunihiro Yasuno Tanaka Yasuno Tanaka Toshikazu Suzuki Yoriyuki Nakamura Akio Morita Akio Morita Takashi Ikka Takashi Ikka Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Etiolation-Induced Metabolic Changes Leading to High Amino Acid Contents in a Light-Sensitive Japanese Albino Tea Cultivar Frontiers in Plant Science albino etiolation tea plant amino acids transcriptome metabolome |
author_facet |
Hiroto Yamashita Hiroto Yamashita Yuka Kambe Megumi Ohshio Aya Kunihiro Yasuno Tanaka Yasuno Tanaka Toshikazu Suzuki Yoriyuki Nakamura Akio Morita Akio Morita Takashi Ikka Takashi Ikka |
author_sort |
Hiroto Yamashita |
title |
Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Etiolation-Induced Metabolic Changes Leading to High Amino Acid Contents in a Light-Sensitive Japanese Albino Tea Cultivar |
title_short |
Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Etiolation-Induced Metabolic Changes Leading to High Amino Acid Contents in a Light-Sensitive Japanese Albino Tea Cultivar |
title_full |
Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Etiolation-Induced Metabolic Changes Leading to High Amino Acid Contents in a Light-Sensitive Japanese Albino Tea Cultivar |
title_fullStr |
Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Etiolation-Induced Metabolic Changes Leading to High Amino Acid Contents in a Light-Sensitive Japanese Albino Tea Cultivar |
title_full_unstemmed |
Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analyses Reveal Etiolation-Induced Metabolic Changes Leading to High Amino Acid Contents in a Light-Sensitive Japanese Albino Tea Cultivar |
title_sort |
integrated metabolome and transcriptome analyses reveal etiolation-induced metabolic changes leading to high amino acid contents in a light-sensitive japanese albino tea cultivar |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Plant Science |
issn |
1664-462X |
publishDate |
2021-01-01 |
description |
Plant albinism causes the etiolation of leaves because of factors such as deficiency of chloroplasts or chlorophylls. In general, albino tea leaves accumulate higher free amino acid (FAA) contents than do conventional green tea leaves. To explore the metabolic changes of etiolated leaves (EL) in the light-sensitive Japanese albino tea cultivar “Koganemidori,” we performed integrated metabolome and transcriptome analyses by comparing EL with green leaves induced by bud-sport mutation (BM) or shading treatments (S-EL). Comparative omics analyses indicated that etiolation-induced molecular responses were independent of the light environment and were largely influenced by the etiolation itself. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment and pathway analyses revealed the downregulation of genes involved in chloroplast development and chlorophyll biosynthesis and upregulation of protein degradation-related pathways, such as the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy in EL. Metabolome analysis showed that most quantified FAAs in EL were highly accumulated compared with those in BM and S-EL. Genes involved in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, nitrogen assimilation, and the urea cycle, including the drastically downregulated Arginase-1 homolog, which functions in nitrogen excretion for recycling, showed lower expression levels in EL. The high FAA contents in EL might result from the increased FAA pool and nitrogen source contributed by protein degradation, low N consumption, and stagnation of the urea cycle rather than through enhanced amino acid biosynthesis. |
topic |
albino etiolation tea plant amino acids transcriptome metabolome |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2020.611140/full |
work_keys_str_mv |
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