The current state of the problem of manufacture and using synthesis gas based on the carbon gasification reaction. Part 1. Analysis of the gasification process and its practical application
Significant fluctuations in the price of natural gas are the reason for the transition of the energy and energy-intensive industries to increase the use of solid fuels with their preliminary gasification, that is, the residual conversion of the organic part of solid or liquid fuels to combustible ga...
Main Authors: | , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
2020-06-01
|
Series: | Вісник Національного технічного університету України «Київський політехнічний інститут імені Ігоря Сікорського»: Серія «Хімічна інженерія, екологія та ресурсозбереження» |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://chemengine.kpi.ua/article/view/207801 |
Summary: | Significant fluctuations in the price of natural gas are the reason for the transition of the energy and energy-intensive industries to increase the use of solid fuels with their preliminary gasification, that is, the residual conversion of the organic part of solid or liquid fuels to combustible gas by its interaction at high temperature (1000–2000 °C) with air, water vapor, industrial oxygen and carbon dioxide, as well as mixtures thereof. The gasification process is carried out in gas generators, so the resulting gas is called generator gas.
Analysis of studies of the production of synthetic gas from coal and biomass, its use to generate heat and electricity shows that the raw materials for the process of gasification of fuel are usually coal and brown coal, oil shale, peat, wood, fuel oil, tar; reactions occurring during gasification of solid fuels include the following heterogeneous and homogeneous reactions: oxidation of semicoke, gasification of CO2, H2O and H2, direct and reverse water vapor reactions, methane formation, methane decomposition with hydrogen reduction, etc .; gasifiers of three main types are used in industry, which differ in the nature of the interaction of solid fuel with blast: in the stream, with a fixed or moving bed, with a fluidized bed.
The most powerful gas generators are gasifiers with gasification in the stream (up to 1000 MW); gasification technology is developing rapidly in the world and there are many examples of commercial-successful implementation of projects designed to generate electricity and heat, in particular: Nexterra Systems Corp., Vancouver, Brіtіsh Columbіa, Canada with a capacity of 2–10 MW, efficiency of thermal power station up to 60 %, gasifier – fixed bed with upward flow; a bubble fluidized gasifier at a power plant in Värnamo, Sweden with an electric capacity of 6 MW and a thermal capacity of 9 MW; Siemens gasifier at a power station in Freberg, Germany works on brown coal, operating pressure 30 bar and temperature 1400 °C, electric power 5 MW, etc.
In the future, it is planned to develop technical solutions for the partial replacement of natural gas with synthetic gas in the technological process for the high-temperature processing of carbon-containing bulk materials in rotary kilns using the heat of the material leaving the furnace to ensure the temperature conditions of the gasification process. It is also planned to analyze existing mathematical models of the process of carbon-containing raw materials gasification in order to determine their applicability for the analysis of the gasification process. |
---|---|
ISSN: | 2617-9741 2664-1763 |