Autoregulation of ToxR and Its Regulatory Actions on Major Virulence Gene Loci in Vibrio parahaemolyticus
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the leading causative agent of seafood-associated gastroenteritis, harbors two major virulence gene loci T3SS1 and Vp-PAI (T3SS2 and tdh2). ToxR is a virulence regulator of vibrios. Cell density-dependent transcriptional pattern of toxR and its regulatory actions on T3SS1 an...
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doaj-a5c5c39a200c4b00b660c5c342b6f3f42020-11-25T01:43:57ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882018-09-01810.3389/fcimb.2018.00291388321Autoregulation of ToxR and Its Regulatory Actions on Major Virulence Gene Loci in Vibrio parahaemolyticusYiquan Zhang0Lingfei Hu1George Osei-Adjei2Ying Zhang3Wenhui Yang4Zhe Yin5Renyun Lu6Xiumei Sheng7Ruifu Yang8Xinxiang Huang9Dongsheng Zhou10School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, ChinaSchool of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, ChinaVibrio parahaemolyticus, the leading causative agent of seafood-associated gastroenteritis, harbors two major virulence gene loci T3SS1 and Vp-PAI (T3SS2 and tdh2). ToxR is a virulence regulator of vibrios. Cell density-dependent transcriptional pattern of toxR and its regulatory actions on T3SS1 and Vp-PAI have been previously reported, but the detailed regulatory mechanisms are still obscure. In the present work, we showed that the highest transcription level of toxR occurs at an OD600 = 0.2–0.4, which may be due to the subtle repression of ToxR and the quorum-sensing (QS) master regulator AphA. We also showed that ToxR is involved in regulating the mouse lethality, enterotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and hemolytic activity of V. parahaemolyticus. ToxR binds to the multiple promoter-proximal DNA regions within the T3SS1 locus to repress their transcription. In addition, ToxR occupies the multiple promoter-proximal DNA regions of Vp-PAI locus to activate their transcription. Thus, ToxR regulates the multiple virulence phenotypes via directly acting on the T3SS1 and Vp-PAI genes. Data presented here provide a deeper understanding of the regulatory patterns of ToxR in V. parahaemolyticus.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2018.00291/fullVibrio parahaemolyticusToxRT3SS1Vp-PAIvirulence |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Yiquan Zhang Lingfei Hu George Osei-Adjei Ying Zhang Wenhui Yang Zhe Yin Renyun Lu Xiumei Sheng Ruifu Yang Xinxiang Huang Dongsheng Zhou |
spellingShingle |
Yiquan Zhang Lingfei Hu George Osei-Adjei Ying Zhang Wenhui Yang Zhe Yin Renyun Lu Xiumei Sheng Ruifu Yang Xinxiang Huang Dongsheng Zhou Autoregulation of ToxR and Its Regulatory Actions on Major Virulence Gene Loci in Vibrio parahaemolyticus Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology Vibrio parahaemolyticus ToxR T3SS1 Vp-PAI virulence |
author_facet |
Yiquan Zhang Lingfei Hu George Osei-Adjei Ying Zhang Wenhui Yang Zhe Yin Renyun Lu Xiumei Sheng Ruifu Yang Xinxiang Huang Dongsheng Zhou |
author_sort |
Yiquan Zhang |
title |
Autoregulation of ToxR and Its Regulatory Actions on Major Virulence Gene Loci in Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
title_short |
Autoregulation of ToxR and Its Regulatory Actions on Major Virulence Gene Loci in Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
title_full |
Autoregulation of ToxR and Its Regulatory Actions on Major Virulence Gene Loci in Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
title_fullStr |
Autoregulation of ToxR and Its Regulatory Actions on Major Virulence Gene Loci in Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
title_full_unstemmed |
Autoregulation of ToxR and Its Regulatory Actions on Major Virulence Gene Loci in Vibrio parahaemolyticus |
title_sort |
autoregulation of toxr and its regulatory actions on major virulence gene loci in vibrio parahaemolyticus |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
series |
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
issn |
2235-2988 |
publishDate |
2018-09-01 |
description |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus, the leading causative agent of seafood-associated gastroenteritis, harbors two major virulence gene loci T3SS1 and Vp-PAI (T3SS2 and tdh2). ToxR is a virulence regulator of vibrios. Cell density-dependent transcriptional pattern of toxR and its regulatory actions on T3SS1 and Vp-PAI have been previously reported, but the detailed regulatory mechanisms are still obscure. In the present work, we showed that the highest transcription level of toxR occurs at an OD600 = 0.2–0.4, which may be due to the subtle repression of ToxR and the quorum-sensing (QS) master regulator AphA. We also showed that ToxR is involved in regulating the mouse lethality, enterotoxicity, cytotoxicity, and hemolytic activity of V. parahaemolyticus. ToxR binds to the multiple promoter-proximal DNA regions within the T3SS1 locus to repress their transcription. In addition, ToxR occupies the multiple promoter-proximal DNA regions of Vp-PAI locus to activate their transcription. Thus, ToxR regulates the multiple virulence phenotypes via directly acting on the T3SS1 and Vp-PAI genes. Data presented here provide a deeper understanding of the regulatory patterns of ToxR in V. parahaemolyticus. |
topic |
Vibrio parahaemolyticus ToxR T3SS1 Vp-PAI virulence |
url |
https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fcimb.2018.00291/full |
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