Mitigation of Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammation and Vasoactivity in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells by Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
Airborne particulate matter (PM) exposure remains the leading environmental risk factor for disease globally. Interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of PM are required, since there is no discernible threshold for its effects, and exposure reduction approaches are limited. The mitigation of PM...
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doaj-a5ff7f7859464ea18939bbe2ae822ba52020-11-24T21:07:28ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health1660-46012018-10-011510229310.3390/ijerph15102293ijerph15102293Mitigation of Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammation and Vasoactivity in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells by Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty AcidsJaya Sriram0Olorunfemi Adetona1Tonya Orchard2Chieh-Ming Wu3James Odei4Division of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USADivision of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USAHuman Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, College of Education and Human Ecology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USADivision of Environmental Health Sciences, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USADivision of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USAAirborne particulate matter (PM) exposure remains the leading environmental risk factor for disease globally. Interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of PM are required, since there is no discernible threshold for its effects, and exposure reduction approaches are limited. The mitigation of PM (specifically diesel exhaust particles (DEP))-induced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) and vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1) after 24 and 48 h of exposure by pre-treatment with individual pure, combined pure, and an oil formulation of two fish oil omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were all tested at an equivalent concentration of 100 µM in vitro in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The PUFAs and fish oil formulation completely mitigated or diminished the DEP-induced release of IL-6, IL-8, and ET-1 by 14–78%. DHA was more effective in reducing the levels of the DEP-induced release of the cytokines, especially IL-6 after 48 h of DEP exposure in comparison to EPA (p < 0.05), whereas EPA seemed to be more potent in reducing ET-1 levels. The potential of fish ω-3 PUFAs to mitigate PM-induced inflammation and vasoactivity was demonstrated by this study.http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/10/2293particulate matteromega-3polyunsaturated fatty acidinflammationvascular functionmitigation |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Jaya Sriram Olorunfemi Adetona Tonya Orchard Chieh-Ming Wu James Odei |
spellingShingle |
Jaya Sriram Olorunfemi Adetona Tonya Orchard Chieh-Ming Wu James Odei Mitigation of Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammation and Vasoactivity in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells by Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health particulate matter omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid inflammation vascular function mitigation |
author_facet |
Jaya Sriram Olorunfemi Adetona Tonya Orchard Chieh-Ming Wu James Odei |
author_sort |
Jaya Sriram |
title |
Mitigation of Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammation and Vasoactivity in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells by Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids |
title_short |
Mitigation of Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammation and Vasoactivity in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells by Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids |
title_full |
Mitigation of Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammation and Vasoactivity in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells by Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids |
title_fullStr |
Mitigation of Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammation and Vasoactivity in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells by Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids |
title_full_unstemmed |
Mitigation of Particulate Matter-Induced Inflammation and Vasoactivity in Human Vascular Endothelial Cells by Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids |
title_sort |
mitigation of particulate matter-induced inflammation and vasoactivity in human vascular endothelial cells by omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health |
issn |
1660-4601 |
publishDate |
2018-10-01 |
description |
Airborne particulate matter (PM) exposure remains the leading environmental risk factor for disease globally. Interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of PM are required, since there is no discernible threshold for its effects, and exposure reduction approaches are limited. The mitigation of PM (specifically diesel exhaust particles (DEP))-induced release of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) and vasoconstrictor endothelin-1 (ET-1) after 24 and 48 h of exposure by pre-treatment with individual pure, combined pure, and an oil formulation of two fish oil omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were all tested at an equivalent concentration of 100 µM in vitro in human umbilical vein endothelial cells. The PUFAs and fish oil formulation completely mitigated or diminished the DEP-induced release of IL-6, IL-8, and ET-1 by 14–78%. DHA was more effective in reducing the levels of the DEP-induced release of the cytokines, especially IL-6 after 48 h of DEP exposure in comparison to EPA (p < 0.05), whereas EPA seemed to be more potent in reducing ET-1 levels. The potential of fish ω-3 PUFAs to mitigate PM-induced inflammation and vasoactivity was demonstrated by this study. |
topic |
particulate matter omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid inflammation vascular function mitigation |
url |
http://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/15/10/2293 |
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