Optimization of a Portable Adenosine Triphosphate Bioluminescence Assay Coupled with a Receiver Operating Characteristic Model to Assess Bioaerosol Concentrations on Site
Rapid monitoring of the microbial content in indoor air is an important issue. In this study, we develop a method for applying a Coriolis sampler coupled with a portable ATP luminometer for characterization of the collection efficiency of bioaerosol samplers and then test this approach in field appl...
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doaj-a61d3accd9204350b5057ea827cf9e602020-11-25T02:13:44ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072020-06-01897597510.3390/microorganisms8070975Optimization of a Portable Adenosine Triphosphate Bioluminescence Assay Coupled with a Receiver Operating Characteristic Model to Assess Bioaerosol Concentrations on SiteChun-Chieh Tseng0Yi-Chian Lu1Kai-Chih Chang2Chien-Che Hung3Department and Graduate Institute of Public Health, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, TaiwanDepartment and Graduate Institute of Public Health, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, TaiwanDepartment of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, TaiwanDepartment and Graduate Institute of Public Health, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, TaiwanRapid monitoring of the microbial content in indoor air is an important issue. In this study, we develop a method for applying a Coriolis sampler coupled with a portable ATP luminometer for characterization of the collection efficiency of bioaerosol samplers and then test this approach in field applications. The biological collection efficiencies of the Coriolis sampler and a BioSampler for collecting four different types of bioaerosols, including <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Candida famata</i> and endospores of <i>Bacillus subtilis,</i> were compared in a chamber study. The results showed that the ATP assay may indicate the four microbes’ viability, and that their defined viabilities were positively correlated with their culturability. In addition, the optimal sampling conditions of the Coriolis sampler were a 200 L/min flow rate and a sampling time of 30 min. Under these conditions, there was no significant difference in sampling performance between the BioSampler and Coriolis sampler. In field applications, the best ATP benchmark that corresponded to culturable levels of < 500 CFU/m<sup>3</sup> was 287 RLUs (sensitivity: 100%; specificity: 80%) for bacteria and 370 RLUs (sensitivity: 79%; specificity: 82%) for fungi according to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Consequently, an ATP criterion is recommended for indicating whether the corresponding airborne culturable concentrations of microbes meet those of published guidelines.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/7/975bioaerosolATPCoriolis µ air samplerBioSamplerindoor airbenchmark |
collection |
DOAJ |
language |
English |
format |
Article |
sources |
DOAJ |
author |
Chun-Chieh Tseng Yi-Chian Lu Kai-Chih Chang Chien-Che Hung |
spellingShingle |
Chun-Chieh Tseng Yi-Chian Lu Kai-Chih Chang Chien-Che Hung Optimization of a Portable Adenosine Triphosphate Bioluminescence Assay Coupled with a Receiver Operating Characteristic Model to Assess Bioaerosol Concentrations on Site Microorganisms bioaerosol ATP Coriolis µ air sampler BioSampler indoor air benchmark |
author_facet |
Chun-Chieh Tseng Yi-Chian Lu Kai-Chih Chang Chien-Che Hung |
author_sort |
Chun-Chieh Tseng |
title |
Optimization of a Portable Adenosine Triphosphate Bioluminescence Assay Coupled with a Receiver Operating Characteristic Model to Assess Bioaerosol Concentrations on Site |
title_short |
Optimization of a Portable Adenosine Triphosphate Bioluminescence Assay Coupled with a Receiver Operating Characteristic Model to Assess Bioaerosol Concentrations on Site |
title_full |
Optimization of a Portable Adenosine Triphosphate Bioluminescence Assay Coupled with a Receiver Operating Characteristic Model to Assess Bioaerosol Concentrations on Site |
title_fullStr |
Optimization of a Portable Adenosine Triphosphate Bioluminescence Assay Coupled with a Receiver Operating Characteristic Model to Assess Bioaerosol Concentrations on Site |
title_full_unstemmed |
Optimization of a Portable Adenosine Triphosphate Bioluminescence Assay Coupled with a Receiver Operating Characteristic Model to Assess Bioaerosol Concentrations on Site |
title_sort |
optimization of a portable adenosine triphosphate bioluminescence assay coupled with a receiver operating characteristic model to assess bioaerosol concentrations on site |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
series |
Microorganisms |
issn |
2076-2607 |
publishDate |
2020-06-01 |
description |
Rapid monitoring of the microbial content in indoor air is an important issue. In this study, we develop a method for applying a Coriolis sampler coupled with a portable ATP luminometer for characterization of the collection efficiency of bioaerosol samplers and then test this approach in field applications. The biological collection efficiencies of the Coriolis sampler and a BioSampler for collecting four different types of bioaerosols, including <i>Escherichia coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Candida famata</i> and endospores of <i>Bacillus subtilis,</i> were compared in a chamber study. The results showed that the ATP assay may indicate the four microbes’ viability, and that their defined viabilities were positively correlated with their culturability. In addition, the optimal sampling conditions of the Coriolis sampler were a 200 L/min flow rate and a sampling time of 30 min. Under these conditions, there was no significant difference in sampling performance between the BioSampler and Coriolis sampler. In field applications, the best ATP benchmark that corresponded to culturable levels of < 500 CFU/m<sup>3</sup> was 287 RLUs (sensitivity: 100%; specificity: 80%) for bacteria and 370 RLUs (sensitivity: 79%; specificity: 82%) for fungi according to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Consequently, an ATP criterion is recommended for indicating whether the corresponding airborne culturable concentrations of microbes meet those of published guidelines. |
topic |
bioaerosol ATP Coriolis µ air sampler BioSampler indoor air benchmark |
url |
https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/8/7/975 |
work_keys_str_mv |
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